Water footprints of irrigated crop production and meteorological driving factors at multiple temporal scales

Gao, Jie; Xie, Pengxuan; Zhuo, La; Shang, Kehui; Ji, Xiaolong; Wu, Pute

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107014

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Some studies revealed that AWF depends mainly on agricultural management rather than regional climate [60,61]. To further explore the relationship between meteorological drought and WF, we conducted correlation tests on 13 factors, including SPEI, Pe, AWF, and GDP, and the results are shown in Figure 9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Resources Evaluation in Arid Areas Based on Agricultural Water Footprint—A Case Study on the Edge of the Taklimakan Desert

Zhang

Malik

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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Water scarcity is an important factor limiting agricultural development in arid areas. Clarifying and evaluating the current situation of water resources in arid regions is helpful for decision-makers in the rational use of water resources. This study takes a typical arid region located at the edge of Taklamakan Desert-Hotan region as the study area. The water footprint (WF) of the Hotan region was calculated based on 20 years of data information from 2000–2019. An evaluation system was established using four aspects of the WF: structural indicators, efficiency indicators, ecological safety indicators, and sustainability indicators. The results show that the WF of the study area is mainly dominated by blue water consumption, with a proportion of 65.74%. The WF of crop production is larger than that of livestock production. The produced WF of grain crops is the highest of all products with a share of 44.21%. The increase in the local agricultural WF reached 53.18% from 2000 to 2019, but it was still lower than the amount of water available for agriculture. The evaluation results indicated that the region’s WF import dependency is lower than the global level, with an annual average self-sufficiency rate of 91.13% and an increase of 878.95% in the WF economic efficiency index. The agricultural WF produced in Hotan is exported in the form of trade, but the quantitative contribution is small and does little to relieve water stress in other regions. The agricultural water consumption was still within the range of local water resources that could be carried but only 6 years of sustainable water use, and the future development was not optimistic. With the ratio of produced WF to available water resources maintained at about 58%, the local available water resources should be above 43.21 × 108 m3 to initially ensure the sustainable use of water resources. There were 12 drought years in the study period, which are prone to droughts and high disaster levels. The drought-water scarcity systems behaved in three phases: 2000–2011 (uncoordinated level), 2012–2015 (transitional phase), and 2016–2019 (coordinated level). Water scarcity threatened by drought reduced. The occurrence of meteorological droughts was more related to natural factors while the changes in WF were mainly driven by socio-economic elements such as human activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Resources Evaluation in Arid Areas Based on Agricultural Water Footprint—A Case Study on the Edge of the Taklimakan Desert

Zhang

Malik

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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“…3. Water management must take full advantage of the weather conditions according to the results and the actual situation (Gao et al, 2021). Some studies have shown that the water requirement of the crop not only depends on its particular characteristics but also on the moment of the crop cycle, the environmental conditions and the planting location (Zhang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Edaphoclimatic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(ISO, 2014). Agricultural WF includes WF green (associated with precipitation), WF blue (associated with irrigation) and WF gray (leaching or effluents) (IDEAM, 2015); thus, the WF of a crop consists of the sum of WF green (effective precipitation consumed during crop growth), WF blue (estimate of the portion of irrigation potentially effective to sustain agriculture (IDEAM, 2023)) and WF gray (amount of fresh water required to assimilate pollution caused by crop growth (Gao et al, 2021)).…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of the water footprint in the production of the bulb onion crop under two irrigation systems in Samaca (Colombia)

Cely-Reyes,

Camargo-Guerrero,

Fernández-Pérez

et al. 2023

Rev. Colomb. Cienc. Hortic

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The water footprint (WF) is an environmental indicator to quantify the total volume of water required by an agricultural system during its productive cycle, important for decision-making in the management of water resources in relation to its availability, to improve the efficiency in the use of irrigation water (WFblue), the use of rainwater (WFgreen) and the quality of water used (WFgray). This research estimated the water footprint of bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) cultivation under two irrigation systems in the municipality of Samaca (Colombia), using Cropwat, weighing lysimeters, climate information, crop water requirements and physicochemical analysis of soils and water. The calculation of the WF by component in sprinkler irrigation was: (WFblue) 75.65 m3 t-1, (WFgreen) 67.53 m3 t-1 and (WFgray) 31,29 m3 t-1 ; in drip irrigation: (WFblue) 78.72 m3 t-1, (WFgreen) 65.28 m3 t-1 and (WFgray) 52.4 m 3 t-1. WF maintained a similar trend between irrigations: sprinkler (174.47 m3 t-1) with a yield of 56.0 t ha-1 and drip (196.41 m3 t-1) with a yield of 57.9 t ha-1.

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“…Scholars have studied water footprints globally [6][7][8] and nationally [9][10][11][12][13] and have studied regional [14][15][16][17] scales for crop production water footprints. Scholars have undertaken calculations of crop WFs across varying time scales, encompassing days [18], months [19] and years [20,21]. The prominent models employed for these computations encompass the hydrological model, which is grounded in regional distribution [22]; the Aquacrop model, which is derived from water productivity analysis [23]; the DSSAT model, which is hinged on crop growth simulation [24] and the CROPWAT model that centers on crop water demand estimation [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Characteristics and Driving Forces of the Water Footprint of Spring Maize Production in Northern China

Zhao,

Shi,

Liu

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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Using the water footprint (WF) approach to evaluate the water-use efficiency in agricultural production is crucial for assessing the sustainable use of water resources and mitigating water scarcity and pollution. This study calculated the blue, grey, green and total water footprints of spring maize production in Northeast China in 2019 and 2020 and compared the water footprint values at the provincial and municipal scales. In addition, this study analyzed the spatial variation and drivers of the water footprint. The results show that the average water footprints of spring maize production in Northeast China in 2019 and 2020 were 1.78 m3kg−1 and 2.00 m3kg−1, out of which the grey water footprint contributed the most, accounting for 55.19% and 49.85% of the total water footprint, respectively, while the blue water footprint contributed the least, accounting for only 17.44% and 18.68% of the total water footprint. At the provincial level, the water footprint of spring maize production in Northeast China was spatially clustered, with the lowest total water footprint in Heilongjiang Province and the highest total water footprint in Jilin Province. The spatial distribution difference of the spring maize unit yield was the fundamental factor explaining the difference in the water footprint. The precipitation, surface water resources, average temperature, effective irrigated area and the proportion of effective irrigated area also had impacts on the water footprint. This study provides a scientific basis for optimizing the distribution of spring maize production in Northeast China, formulating appropriate sustainable water resource management plans, improving water-use efficiency and realizing sustainable water resource management in Northeast China.

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Water footprints of irrigated crop production and meteorological driving factors at multiple temporal scales

Cited by 14 publications

References 51 publications

Water Resources Evaluation in Arid Areas Based on Agricultural Water Footprint—A Case Study on the Edge of the Taklimakan Desert

Water Resources Evaluation in Arid Areas Based on Agricultural Water Footprint—A Case Study on the Edge of the Taklimakan Desert

Determination of the water footprint in the production of the bulb onion crop under two irrigation systems in Samaca (Colombia)

Spatial Characteristics and Driving Forces of the Water Footprint of Spring Maize Production in Northern China

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