Water-flow mediated oxygen dynamics within massive Porites-algal turf interactions

Brown, A. L.; Carpenter, Robert C.

doi:10.3354/meps10467

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In such a case, oxygen depletion as a result of coral tissue degradation may be relatively minor. In a similar flume experiment, Brown & Carpenter [27] found no evidence of hypoxia caused by bacteria at the interface between massive Porites and turf. Possible explanations include different species composition of the turf assemblage and lower antibiotic concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Hypoxia, especially at night, limits coral respiration [25] and reduces the metabolism of coral symbionts [50]. Hypoxia has been measured in experimentally initiated and naturally occurring interactions between corals and turf or macroalgae [8,22,27,31,37]. Stressful pH levels are also likely to develop during the night in conjunction with hypoxia as a result of net respiration of turf or macroalgae [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Core samples of Porites versus thin turf and Porites versus thick turf interactions were placed in 12 individual aerated 1 l containers for 24 h. Half of the containers were filled with seawater alone and the other half were filled with seawater plus the broadspectrum antibiotic ampicillin (concentration of 100 mg ml 21 ). This exposure time and concentration are sufficient to dramatically reduce the density of microbes without impacting coral health in small-volume containers [27,37,38]. All water and antibiotic treatments were changed after 12 h. Microsensor measurements were performed at night starting with the untreated cores.…”

Section: (Vi) Experiments 3: Effects Of Microbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thinner DBLs promote the exchange of dissolved gases and nutrients for metabolic processes and the removal of wastes [25,26]. Conversely, thicker DBLs may lead to the accumulation of harmful substances and bacteria and localized alterations in oxygen concentrations [22,27]. The chemical microenvironment within the DBL of the coral -algal interface is also likely to depend on the rates of release of chemical and microbial compounds from each competitor, which are species specific.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evidence for water-mediated mechanisms in coral–algal interactions

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although many coral reefs have shifted from coral-to-algal dominance, the consequence of such a transition for coral -algal interactions and their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. At the microscale, it is unclear how diffusive boundary layers (DBLs) and surface oxygen concentrations at the coral -algal interface vary with algal competitors and competitiveness. Using field observations and microsensor measurements in a flow chamber, we show that coral (massive Porites) interfaces with thick turf algae, macroalgae, and cyanobacteria, which are successful competitors against coral in the field, are characterized by a thick DBL and hypoxia at night. In contrast, coral interfaces with crustose coralline algae, conspecifics, and thin turf algae, which are poorer competitors, have a thin DBL and low hypoxia at night. Furthermore, DBL thickness and hypoxia at the interface with turf decreased with increasing flow speed, but not when thick turf was upstream. Our results support the importance of water-mediated transport mechanisms in coral-algal interactions. Shifts towards algal dominance, particularly dense assemblages, may lead to thicker DBLs, higher hypoxia, and higher concentrations of harmful metabolites and pathogens along coral borders, which in turn may facilitate algal overgrowth of live corals. These effects may be mediated by flow speed and orientation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (Vi) Experiments 3: Effects Of Microbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evidence for water-mediated mechanisms in coral–algal interactions

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In aquatic systems, mass transfer limitation has been documented at low water velocities (>5 to 30 cm s −1 ) in algae (Hurd et al, 1996), corals (Patterson et al, 1991;Thomas and Atkinson, 1997;Mass et al, 2010;Brown and Carpenter, 2013) and seagrasses (Mass et al, 2010). In contrast, kinetic limitation has been documented in freshwater plants (Nishihara and Ackerman, 2009) and algae (Gerard, 1982;Hurd et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of water temperature and flow on respiration in barnacles: patterns of mass transfer versus kinetic limitation

Nishizaki

Carrington

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In aquatic systems, physiological processes such as respiration, photosynthesis and calcification are potentially limited by the exchange of dissolved materials between organisms and their environment. The nature and extent of physiological limitation is, therefore, likely to be dependent on environmental conditions. Here, we assessed the metabolic sensitivity of barnacles under a range of water temperatures and velocities, two factors that influence their distribution. Respiration rates increased in response to changes in temperature and flow, with an interaction where flow had less influence on respiration at low temperatures, and a much larger effect at high temperatures. Model analysis suggested that respiration is mass transfer limited under conditions of low velocity (<7.5 cm) and high temperature (20-25°C). In contrast, limitation by uptake reaction kinetics, when the biotic capacity of barnacles to absorb and process oxygen is slower than its physical delivery by mass transport, prevailed at high flows (40-150 cm s −1 ) and low temperatures (5-15°C). Moreover, there are intermediate flow-temperature conditions where both mass transfer and kinetic limitation are important. Behavioral monitoring revealed that barnacles fully extend their cirral appendages at low flows and display abbreviated 'testing' behaviors at high flows, suggesting some form of mechanical limitation. In low flow-high temperature treatments, however, barnacles displayed distinct 'pumping' behaviors that may serve to increase ventilation. Our results suggest that in slow-moving waters, respiration may become mass transfer limited as temperatures rise, whereas faster flows may serve to ameliorate the effects of elevated temperatures. Moreover, these results underscore the necessity for approaches that evaluate the combined effects of multiple environmental factors when examining physiological and behavioral performance.

show abstract

Water flow influences the mechanisms and outcomes of interactions between massive Porites and coral reef algae

Brown

Carpenter

2014

Mar Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water-flow mediated oxygen dynamics within massive Porites-algal turf interactions

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Evidence for water-mediated mechanisms in coral–algal interactions

Evidence for water-mediated mechanisms in coral–algal interactions

The effect of water temperature and flow on respiration in barnacles: patterns of mass transfer versus kinetic limitation

Water flow influences the mechanisms and outcomes of interactions between massive Porites and coral reef algae

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About