Water Flood Monitoring in an Oman Carbonate Reservoir Using a Downhole Permanent Electrode Array

Kleef, Rolf van; Hakvoort, R.G.; Bhushan, Vikas; Al-Khodhori, Shaikhan; Boom, W.; Bruin, C. de; Babour, Kamal; Chouzenoux, C.; Delhomme, J.P.; Manin, Y.; Pohl, D.; Rioufol, E.; Charara, Marwan; Harb, R.

doi:10.2118/68078-ms

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…ERA measurements will complement these existing measurements for in-situ formation characterization. ERA technology has previously been suggested and used to address such a need in reservoir charac-this work and the previous applications (van Kleef et al 2001;Bryant et al 2001;Bryant et al 2002) is that the ERA sensors were mounted on slotted tubing inside an openhole wellbore rather than being cemented on the outside of the casing. Although the measurements of the ERA sensors on tubing might have higher noise induced by the complicated wellbore flow environment than those of cemented sensors, the new string was much more flexible for field operation and particularly suitable for carbonate reservoirs in which an openhole completion is a common operational practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Reservoir Heterogeneity Through Fluid Movement Monitoring With Deep Electromagnetic and Pressure Measurements

Zhan

Kuchuk

Al-Shahri

et al. 2010

SPE Reservoir Evaluation &Amp; Engineering

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This paper presents a novel technique to characterize detailed formation heterogeneity for a carbonate reservoir using measurements from electrode resistivity array (ERA), a wireline formation tester, and a permanent downhole pressure sensor. The ERA was installed on tubing in a barefoot well rather than permanently cemented outside the casing as in previous applications. This notable difference provided flexibility for device installation and operation but also introduced particular issues in the ERA data acquisition and interpretation. Furthermore, the ERA measurements were carried out in conjunction with low-salinity water injection and oil and water production in the same well. The primary finding presented in this paper is that the time-lapse ERA voltages near a source electrode showed unique characteristics that represented local formation heterogeneity. This localized sensitivity of ERA data allows detailed characterization of the formation heterogeneity within the length of the ERA string in the vertical direction and about 100 ft laterally around the wellbore. The scale size of the investigated formation heterogeneity is comparable to typical grid sizes used in current reservoir simulations. Models were developed to identify stratified permeability heterogeneities from the time-lapse ERA voltages. The stratified heterogeneity estimated from the ERA measurements was compared to and verified by openhole logs and core analyses data. The final heterogeneous reservoir model from the ERA was subsequently applied to a numerical simulation that integrated the dynamic fluid flow, salt transport, and electrode array responses for monitoring water-front movement and estimating multiphase formation properties. The history matching of the time-lapse ERA data confirmed the first pass estimates of the identified heterogeneities. terization and fluid movement monitoring (Belani et al. 2000;van Kleef et al. 2001). In the present study, the ERA technology was applied to the identification of formation heterogeneity in a typical Middle East carbonate reservoir. The notable difference between

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The history matching of the time-lapse ERA data confirmed the first pass estimates of the identified heterogeneities. terization and fluid movement monitoring (Belani et al 2000;van Kleef et al 2001). In the present study, the ERA technology was applied to the identification of formation heterogeneity in a typical Middle East carbonate reservoir.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Reservoir Heterogeneity Through Fluid Movement Monitoring With Deep Electromagnetic and Pressure Measurements

Zhan

Kuchuk

Al-Shahri

et al. 2010

SPE Reservoir Evaluation &Amp; Engineering

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show abstract

“…It can be used for geosteering, formation evaluation, and reservoir monitoring [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . In this paper, we employ a combination of Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) and wireline (WL) electromagnetic (resistivity) timelapse measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Uncertainty of Reserves Estimates Using Inversion of Time-Lapse Logging Data

Frenkel¹

2006

Proceedings of SPE Europec/Eage Annual Conference and Exhibition

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TX 75083-3836 U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractThe estimation of hydrocarbon reserves heavily depends on the accuracy of resistivity data and the reliability of their interpretation. To optimize data information extraction from acquired modern array resistivity logs, integrated inversionbased interpretation techniques are required. However, the direct application of an inversion method may provide an incorrect equivalent solution, resulting in erroneous hydrocarbon estimates.To solve the equivalency problem, we have developed a new method that reconstructs the formation model in steps using inversion of time-lapse Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) and Wireline (WL) measurements. The main steps are:

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“…Patents have been granted for cemented formation pressure sensors (Babour et al, 1995) and cemented resistivity arrays (Babour et al, 1997). Oilfield experiments have been conducted to test the practical feasibility and the added value of in situ permanent sensors (see, for instance, van Kleef et al, 2001;Bryant et al, 2002a,b). In addition to sensor development and deployment issues, advances have also been attained in the area of the interpretation of data acquired with in situ permanent sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of axisymmetric spatial distributions of permeability and porosity from pressure-transient data acquired with in situ permanent sensors

Alpak

Torres‐Verdín

Sepehrnoori

2004

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

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Water Flood Monitoring in an Oman Carbonate Reservoir Using a Downhole Permanent Electrode Array

Abstract: TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435.

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

Characterization of Reservoir Heterogeneity Through Fluid Movement Monitoring With Deep Electromagnetic and Pressure Measurements

Characterization of Reservoir Heterogeneity Through Fluid Movement Monitoring With Deep Electromagnetic and Pressure Measurements

Reducing Uncertainty of Reserves Estimates Using Inversion of Time-Lapse Logging Data

Estimation of axisymmetric spatial distributions of permeability and porosity from pressure-transient data acquired with in situ permanent sensors

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