Water entry of spheres into a rotating liquid

Yi, Lei; Li, Shuai; Jiang, Hechuan; Lohse, Detlef; Sun, Chao; Mathai, Varghese

doi:10.1017/jfm.2020.1147

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…When the bubble is not centred in the droplet, as shown in figure 2(b), non-spherical oscillations and jetting behaviours of the bubble can be expected. Therefore, we utilize a well-verified boundary integral (BI) method (Li et al 2020a;Yi et al 2021;Han et al 2022; to investigate the dependence of the non-spherical bubble dynamics inside a droplet on the governing parameters. Here, we provide a brief overview of the BI method.…”

Section: Boundary Integral Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation bubble dynamics inside a droplet suspended in a different host fluid

Li,

Zhao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

J. Fluid Mech.

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In this paper, we present a theoretical, experimental and numerical study of the dynamics of cavitation bubbles inside a droplet suspended in another host fluid. On the theoretical side, we provided a modified Rayleigh collapse time and natural frequency for spherical bubbles in our particular context, characterized by the density ratio between the two liquids and the bubble-to-droplet size ratio. Regarding the experimental aspect, experiments were carried out for laser-induced cavitation bubbles inside oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) droplets. Two distinct fluid-mixing mechanisms were unveiled in the two systems, respectively. In the case of O/W droplets, a liquid jet emerges around the end of the bubble collapse phase, effectively penetrating the droplet interface. We offer a detailed analysis of the criteria governing jet penetration, involving the standoff parameter and impact velocity of the bubble jet on the droplet surface. Conversely, in the scenario involving W/O droplets, the bubble traverses the droplet interior, inducing global motion and eventually leading to droplet pinch-off when the local Weber number exceeds a critical value. This phenomenon is elucidated through the equilibrium between interfacial and kinetic energies. Lastly, our boundary integral model faithfully reproduces the essential physics of the non-spherical bubble dynamics observed in the experiments. We conduct a parametric study spanning a wide parameter space to investigate bubble–droplet interactions. The insights from this study could serve as a valuable reference for practical applications in the field of ultrasonic emulsification, pharmacy, etc.

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Section: Boundary Integral Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation bubble dynamics inside a droplet suspended in a different host fluid

Li,

Zhao,

Zhang

et al. 2024

J. Fluid Mech.

Self Cite

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“…2016), spinning bodies (Truscott & Techet 2009; Kiara, Paredes & Yue 2017), hydrophobic and hydrophilic objects (Aristoff & Bush 2009; Techet & Truscott 2011; Yi et al. 2021) and air cushion effects (Chuang 1966; Eroshin et al. 1984; Ermanyuk & Ohkusu 2005; Ma et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to theoretical research, researchers have also carried out various water-entry experiments including different nose shapes (Thoroddsen et al 2004;Truscott, Epps & Techet 2012;Bodily 2013;Marston et al 2016), spinning bodies (Truscott & Techet 2009;Kiara, Paredes & Yue 2017), hydrophobic and hydrophilic objects (Aristoff & Bush 2009;Techet & Truscott 2011;Yi et al 2021) and air cushion effects (Chuang 1966;Eroshin et al 1984;Ermanyuk & Ohkusu 2005;Ma et al 2016). Published research on high-speed water entry is rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of hydrodynamics of water impact and tail slamming of high-speed water entry with a novel immersed boundary method

et al. 2023

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High-speed water entry is a transient hydrodynamic process that is accompanied by strongly compressible flow, free surface splash, cavity evolution and other nonlinear hydrodynamic phenomena. To address these problems, a novel fluid–structure interaction (FSI) scheme based on the immersed boundary method is proposed which is suitable for strongly compressible multiphase flows. In this scheme, considering the multiphase interfaces at the immersed boundary, an improved immersed boundary method for effectively suppressing the non-physical force oscillation is proposed. Additionally, a quaternion-based six degrees of freedom motion system is used to describe rigid body motion, and the multiphase flow Eulerian finite element method is applied as the fluid solver. Using analytical solutions, experimental data and literature data, the accuracy and robustness of the FSI scheme are validated. Finally, the high-speed water entry of the slender body with different noses is investigated, and the hydrodynamic loads including the axial and normal drag forces and the bending moment are extensively discussed. The hydrodynamic load and motion trajectory are determined by the nose configuration. The tail slamming phenomenon is the primary focus, and it is revealed that its formation is primarily related to the pitch moment formed at the stage of crossing the free surface. Tail slamming also causes violent impact loads, especially bending moments, which may cause slender projectiles to break off. Finally, to combine the features of the flat and hemispherical noses, the water entry of the projectile with a truncated hemispherical nose is simulated and discussed.

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“…The shape of the equilibrium liquid surface formed by liquid rotation driven by the vessel wall is different from that of liquid rotation driven by the vessel center; the equilibrium liquid surface of the former is a regular paraboloid, on the basis of which a large number of research results have emerged: Piva studied the liquid rotation driven by the rotation of the bottom of a cylindrical container; Brøns et al ., Jacono et al ., and Serre and Bontoux used experimental and numerical methods to analyze the rotating flow with a free surface in a cylindrical vessel; Hinch et al . and Benilov et al ., respectively, studied the motion characteristics of the liquid in the rotating container and analyzed the flow field of this kind of rotation from the microscopic point of view; Yi et al . studied the dynamic characteristics of pellets entering a rotating liquid; Ye et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shape and characteristics of liquid rotation have been the focus of research by scholars. The shape of the equilibrium liquid surface formed by liquid rotation driven by the vessel wall is different from that of liquid rotation driven by the vessel center; the equilibrium liquid surface of the former is a regular paraboloid, on the basis of which a large number of research results have emerged: Piva 1 studied the liquid rotation driven by the rotation of the bottom of a cylindrical container; Brøns et al, 2 Jacono et al, 3 and Serre and Bontoux 4 used experimental and numerical methods to analyze the rotating flow with a free surface in a cylindrical vessel; Hinch et al 5 and Benilov et al, 6 respectively, studied the motion characteristics of the liquid in the rotating container and analyzed the flow field of this kind of rotation from the microscopic point of view; Yi et al 7 studied the dynamic characteristics of pellets entering a rotating liquid; Ye et al 8 derived the free-surface equation of the liquid driven by the wall theoretically and pointed out that the volume of the projectile is one-half of that of the cylinder with the same bottom and the same height; Zhou 9 studied the shape of the rotating liquid in a toroidal vessel under weightlessness, and the integral equation of the liquid surface shape is derived under the condition that the extreme point of the liquid surface is known; An 10 analyzed the shape of the rotating liquid surface driven by the container wall or the center of the container, respectively; Wan et al 11 rotating liquid under the action of boundary resistance; the constitutive equation considering the roughness of the side wall and the radius of the container is established; and Chai et al 12 studied the mixing phenomenon of the stratified liquid from the perspective of spinning up and spinning down of the liquid as it rotates. Other scholars widely used the paraboloid geometry and optical properties of the rotating liquid surface in physical experiments such as measurements of gravitational acceleration and the refractive index of liquids and the study of liquid viscosity and optical reflectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Derivation and Experimental Study of Liquid Equilibrium Shapes under Different Rotation Modes

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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Research shows that the surface shape of rotary liquid depends on the rotation mode. Mode A is that when the container wall rotates the liquid, the rotating liquid surface is paraboloid. Mode B is that when the rotor in the center of the container rotates the liquid, the rotating liquid surface is vortex. Based on the paraboloid formed by the mode A, the identity between the liquid level parameter and the wall slope K (K ≠ 0) is derived. When K → ∞, with the increase of the container angular spin rate, the liquid level parameter changes are infinite, the liquid level change and volume relationship are fixed. When K > 0, the container is a cylinder with a large upper part and a small lower part and the liquid level parameter changes are limited, and the limit ratio between the liquid level parameters is + 1. In addition, through the vortex experiment by the mode B, it is concluded that the vortex curve can be regarded as composed of three parabolas: the center triggering part, the rising part, and the edge attenuation part. Different from the mode A, the liquid level change and volume relationship caused by the vortex formed by the mode B are both variables. According to the experimental results, the influences of container inner diameter, initial liquid level, rotor size, and rotor speed on the vortex characteristics are discussed in detail. At the same time, based on the experiment, the liquid level change and volume relationship caused by the formation of the vortex are deduced under the ideal condition when a stable liquid surface is formed by the vortex.

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Water entry of spheres into a rotating liquid

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 21 publications

References 46 publications

Cavitation bubble dynamics inside a droplet suspended in a different host fluid

Cavitation bubble dynamics inside a droplet suspended in a different host fluid

Investigation of hydrodynamics of water impact and tail slamming of high-speed water entry with a novel immersed boundary method

Theoretical Derivation and Experimental Study of Liquid Equilibrium Shapes under Different Rotation Modes

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