When
engineers design and manage a building’s water and
electricity utilities, they must make assumptions about resource use.
These assumptions are often challenged when unexpected changes in
demand occur, such as the spatial and temporal changes observed during
the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Social distancing policies (SDPs)
enacted led many universities to close their campuses and implement
remote learning, impacting utility consumption patterns. Yet, little
is known about how consumption changed at the building level. Here,
we aim to understand how water and electricity consumption changed
during the pandemic by identifying characteristic weekly demand profiles
and understanding how these changes were related to regulatory and
social systems. We performed k-means clustering on utility demand
data measured before and as the pandemic evolved from five buildings
of different types at the University of Texas at Austin. As expected,
after SDPs were enacted both water and electricity use shifted, with
most buildings seeing a sharp initial decline that remained low until
the university partially reopened. In contrast to electricity use,
we found that water use was tightly coupled with SDPs. Our study provides
actionable information for managers to mitigate negative impacts (e.g.,
water stagnation) and capitalize on opportunities to minimize resource
use.