WATER DEFICITS AND NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY**Contribution from the Northern Plains Branch, Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Fort Collins, Colorado.

Viets, Frank G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-424153-4.50012-6

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Mulching is known to lower soil temperatures and increase soil water retention, which can benefit plant health in semi‐arid ecosystem restoration projects (Blanco‐García & Lindig‐Cisneros 2005; Benigno et al 2013). It is also known that soil moisture is a strong regulator of soil nutrient availability, which can affect plant growth and survival (Vietz 1972; Binkley & Vitousek 1989; Lévesque et al 2016). This could further explain the combined benefit on plant health and height when both mulch and plant guards were used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing translocation management techniques through experimental trials: a case study of the endangered shrub Persoonia hirsuta

Andres

Powell

Gregory³

et al. 2021

Restoration Ecology

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Translocation is commonly used in the conservation of threatened species to help mitigate the risk of local extinctions. However, translocations are often limited by knowledge of the species ecological requirements that promote persistence in the landscape. Small translocation trials with a strong experimental design can help to address species knowledge gaps and identify effective strategies for the successful establishment of a threatened species prior to implementing full‐scale planting regimes. In this study, we experimentally translocated 128 plants of the endangered Persoonia hirsuta (Proteaceae) at a dry sclerophyll mining offset in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, and investigated the effects of propagation type (seeds and vegetative cuttings), plant guards, and mulching on short‐term plant growth and survival. Transplants were impacted by herbivory and unprecedented extreme temperatures over summer 2019–2020 with 25 of the 128 plants surviving after 20 months of monitoring. Among the surviving individuals, all but one were seed propagated and 72% of survivors were protected by a plant guard. Short‐term survival and establishment of P. hirsuta translocants was increased by producing plants from seeds, and the use of plant guards with localized mulch. We also identified significantly greater root volume, projected area, and diameter for seedlings than cuttings grown plants. Our study successfully identified several key factors that should be considered for the ongoing management of P. hirsuta and vindicates the importance of small experimental trials when planning threatened plant translocations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing translocation management techniques through experimental trials: a case study of the endangered shrub Persoonia hirsuta

Andres

Powell

Gregory³

et al. 2021

Restoration Ecology

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“…There was no significant difference in the 15 N utilization rate among the different treatments under the same irrigation and different fertilization amounts (p < 0.05), but there was a significant difference between the W1N3, W2N1, and W2N2 treatments (p < 0.05). The absorption and utilization of water and nutrients by crops are closely related [43,44], and N fertilizer can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer resources [45]. The 15 N utilization rate is related to the water and N level in the soil and is dependent not only on fertilization but also on the water and N coupling effect on the 15 N utilization rate.…”

Section: The 15 N Utilization Rate In the Vine Growth Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Irrigation and N Fertilization on 15N Fertilizer Utilization by Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon in China

Gong

Zhang

Liu

2022

Water

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This study investigated the interactions between different irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilization rates and their effects on the 15N fertilizer absorption and utilization of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines in a vineyard near Xinjiang, China. The fertilizer treatments consisted of three 15N-labeled urea nitrate fertilizer applications (191.4, 254.4, and 317.4 kg/ha). The irrigation treatments included two fractions (0.75 and 1.0) of estimated vineyard water use (ETc). The results showed that: (i) the residual amount of 15N fertilizer in the soil was mainly in the surface layer (0–20 cm), the residual fertilizer N in the surface layer accounted for 68–87% of the total residual N, the residual 15N fertilizer at different depths differed significantly, and the residual 15N was positively correlated with the amount of fertilizer applied (p < 0.05); (ii) The absorption of fertilizer N by grapevines accounted for only 12–17% of the total N absorption, and the proportion absorbed from soil N was as high as 82–87%. There was no significant difference in the amount of N absorbed between different water and fertilizer treatments; (iii) The 15N uptake under the different water and fertilizer treatments differed and was significantly higher in the roots than in other organs, followed by the fruit, the leaves, and finally, the stems. Our results provide a reference for improving the soil environment and encouraging a sustainable development of the grape industry. According to the experimental results, it was recommended that farmers adopt irrigation levels of 1.0 ETc and fertilizer application of 254.4 kg N/ha.

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“…Generally, water stress reduces nutrient uptake by roots through the decrease in the diffusion rate of nutrients in the soil towards the absorbing root surface (Pinkerton and Simpson, 1986;Alam, 1999). Additionally, it also reduces the transport from the roots to the shoots due to restricted transpiration rates, impaired active transport and membrane permeability (Viets, 1972;Alam, 1999). According to Hu and Schmidhalter (2005) low soil moisture can induce deficiencies in Mn, Fe and Zn.…”

Section: Effect Of Water Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effect of Selenium Addition and Water Stress on <i>Melilotus officinalis</i> L. Mineral Content

Κωστοπούλου

Kyriazopoulos

Abraham

et al. 2015

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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The objective of this study was to examine the combined effects of selenium (Se) enrichment and water stress on the accumulation of available macro- and micronutrients in Melilotus officinalis L. aerial parts. Plants of M. officinalis were subjected to three levels of Se addition (0, 1 and 3 mg Se L-1 water) and to two water treatments: a) full irrigation and b) limited irrigation (water stress). The above ground biomass (stems and leaves) was analyzed for Se, potassium (K), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn). Se addition differentially affected the K, Mg and Ca content of M. officinalis aerial parts, while it led to the reduction of the micronutrients Cu, Fe and Mn. Water stress resulted in the increase of K, Na, Mg, Ca and Cu, and to the decrease of the Fe, Zn and Mn content. An interaction between selenium addition and water treatment was more notable for Ca and Mg, which decreased under water stress at low Se level and for Zn and Cu, which increased under water stress at high Se level. According to our findings, Se-induced increased accumulation of some inorganic ions in the aerial parts of this species under water stress conditions could serve as a means to alleviate the adverse impact of water deficit on important metabolic processes, enhancing M. officinalis tolerance to water stress.

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WATER DEFICITS AND NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY**Contribution from the Northern Plains Branch, Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Fort Collins, Colorado.

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

Assessing translocation management techniques through experimental trials: a case study of the endangered shrub Persoonia hirsuta

Assessing translocation management techniques through experimental trials: a case study of the endangered shrub Persoonia hirsuta

Effects of Irrigation and N Fertilization on 15N Fertilizer Utilization by Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon in China

Synergistic Effect of Selenium Addition and Water Stress on <i>Melilotus officinalis</i> L. Mineral Content

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