Water crisis, drought, and climate change in the southeast United States

Craig, Christopher A.; Feng, Song; Gilbertz, Susan J.

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104110

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The impacts of water crises and climate risks are highly unequal, driven by social inequality (Craig et al, 2019; Roshan & Kumar, 2020; WWAP, 2020). A review of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and gender linkages shows that this highly unequal impact of inadequate water supply is the rule (Pouramin et al, 2020).…”

Section: New Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten new insights in climate science 2020 – a horizon scan

et al. 2021

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Non-technical summary We summarize some of the past year's most important findings within climate change-related research. New research has improved our understanding of Earth's sensitivity to carbon dioxide, finds that permafrost thaw could release more carbon emissions than expected and that the uptake of carbon in tropical ecosystems is weakening. Adverse impacts on human society include increasing water shortages and impacts on mental health. Options for solutions emerge from rethinking economic models, rights-based litigation, strengthened governance systems and a new social contract. The disruption caused by COVID-19 could be seized as an opportunity for positive change, directing economic stimulus towards sustainable investments. Technical summary A synthesis is made of ten fields within climate science where there have been significant advances since mid-2019, through an expert elicitation process with broad disciplinary scope. Findings include: (1) a better understanding of equilibrium climate sensitivity; (2) abrupt thaw as an accelerator of carbon release from permafrost; (3) changes to global and regional land carbon sinks; (4) impacts of climate change on water crises, including equity perspectives; (5) adverse effects on mental health from climate change; (6) immediate effects on climate of the COVID-19 pandemic and requirements for recovery packages to deliver on the Paris Agreement; (7) suggested long-term changes to governance and a social contract to address climate change, learning from the current pandemic, (8) updated positive cost–benefit ratio and new perspectives on the potential for green growth in the short- and long-term perspective; (9) urban electrification as a strategy to move towards low-carbon energy systems and (10) rights-based litigation as an increasingly important method to address climate change, with recent clarifications on the legal standing and representation of future generations. Social media summary Stronger permafrost thaw, COVID-19 effects and growing mental health impacts among highlights of latest climate science.

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Section: New Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten new insights in climate science 2020 – a horizon scan

et al. 2021

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“…For instance, planetary-scale datasets have been used to analyze long-term meteorological changes in Pakistan (Ahmed, Shahid, Wang, Nawaz, & Khan, 2019), India (Mohammad & Goswami, 2019), Inner Mongolia (Wang et al, 2019), and Nigeria (Shiru, Shahid, Chung, & Alias, 2019). Similarly, global and long-term precipitation datasets have been utilized to derive time series of drought indices for locations such as Arkansas (Craig, Feng, & Gilbertz, 2019), Sweden (Campana et al, 2018), and Central Asia (Guo et al, 2018). Anh and Aires (2019) derived river discharge data in the Amazon using planetary-scale datasets.…”

Section: Data-poor Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of freely accessible global datasets for the study of floods, droughts and their interactions with human societies

et al. 2020

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The availability of planetary-scale geospatial datasets that can support the study of water-related disasters in the Anthropocene is rapidly growing. We review 124 global and free datasets allowing spatial (and temporal) analyses of floods, droughts and their interactions with human societies. Our collection of datasets is available in a descriptive list for download at https://zenodo.org/ record/3368882. The purpose of providing an overview of datasets across a wide range of hydrological and socioeconomic variables is to highlight research opportunities across scientific disciplines for the study of the watersociety interplay. Our collection of datasets confirms that the availability of geospatial data capturing hydrological hazards and exposure is far more mature than those capturing vulnerability aspects. We do not only highlight the unprecedented opportunities associated with these global datasets for the study of water-related disasters in the Anthropocene, but also discuss the challenges associated with their exploitation. These challenges include: (a) time varying datasets advised not to be used in time series analyses; (b) fine spatial resolution datasets advised not to be used in local scale studies; (c), datasets built by a wide variety of data sources prohibiting systematic uncertainty assessments; and (d) datasets built by covariate variables preventing interaction studies.

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“…Further, grass-legume mixture 6 removed a lower quantity of P than grass-legume mixtures 1, 2, 5, 8, 16, 17, and 18 (Table 5). During 2018, the grass-legume mixture 8, removed a greater amount of P than red and white clover monocultures, and grass-legume mixtures 1,2,10,11,12,13,16, and 18 ( Table 5). The monocultures of red and white clover removed the least amount of P during 2018 ( Table 5).…”

Section: Forage System Phosphorus Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In water-scarce agroecosystems, crop production agriculture is heavily reliant on irrigation as the sporadic precipitation that accrued annually is insufficient to maximize crop growth and yield. This scarcity in water for agricultural production in these regions is further exacerbated by climate change and the associated events of frequent and intensive droughts that cause a reduction in water resources in semiarid and arid regions [2,3]. Therefore, alternative approaches must be sought and incorporated into traditional water management practices to ensure sustainable agricultural production from these water-scarce environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grass–Legume Forage Systems Effect on Phosphorus Removal from a Grassland Historically Irrigated with Reclaimed Wastewater

2020

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The utilization of reclaimed wastewater is a suitable and sustainable approach to agriculture production in water-scarce regions. However, even though the wastewater is treated to reduce nutrient concentration such as phosphorus, the 10,600 to 14,006 m3 of water applied ha−1 year−1 on grass and alfalfa hay crops in Nevada can lead to soil phosphorus buildup over an extended period. This study evaluated the effectiveness of forage systems (FS) of monoculture grass, monoculture legume, and their mixtures on herbage accumulation, tissue phosphorus concentration, and quantity of phosphorus removed from a grassland under wastewater irrigation. The study was carried out at the Main Station Field laboratory in Reno, Nevada, USA. A total of 23 FS using tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in monocultures or grass–legume mixtures (25:75, 50:50, and 75:25) based on seeding rate were used. The response variables were herbage accumulation (HA), tissue phosphorus concentration, and phosphorus removal. Forage systems means were considered different P ≤ 0.05. Herbage accumulation, tissue phosphorus concentration, and phosphorus removal differed among FS and year. Herbage accumulation was similar for the grass monocultures (10.5 Mg ha−1; SE = 1.1) and the majority of the grass–legume mixtures (9.0 Mg ha−1; SE = 1.1) but both systems had greater HA than legumes monoculture (4.3 Mg ha−1; SE = 1.1). The legume monocultures of alfalfa and white clover had the greatest phosphorus concentrations (10.9 g kg−1 dry matter; SE = 0.44) among all FS. Total phosphorus removed was least among legume monocultures (34.0 kg P ha−1; SE = 6.2) in this study and generally similar for grass monocultures (67.4 kg P ha−1; SE = 6.2) and grass–legume mixtures of 75:25 (61.7 kg P ha−1; SE = 6.2). Based on the response variables, agronomic, and environmental considerations a grass–legume mixture that includes 75:25 or even a 50:50 seeding rate ratio will be suitable options for phosphorus removal from phosphorus enriched grasslands in semiarid ecosystems that utilized wastewater for irrigation.

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Water crisis, drought, and climate change in the southeast United States

Cited by 36 publications

References 47 publications

Ten new insights in climate science 2020 – a horizon scan

Ten new insights in climate science 2020 – a horizon scan

A review of freely accessible global datasets for the study of floods, droughts and their interactions with human societies

Grass–Legume Forage Systems Effect on Phosphorus Removal from a Grassland Historically Irrigated with Reclaimed Wastewater

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