Water Coning Prediction Review and Control: Developing an Integrated Approach

Okon, Anietie N.; Appah, Dulu; Akpabio, Julius U.

doi:10.9734/jsrr/2017/33291

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…In horizontal wells (as depicted in Figure 1), the mentioned phenomenon is experienced at the heel than the toe of the horizontal well. At low production rate, a stable cone is experienced as the dynamic force offsets the gravity contrast between the oil and water phase [1]. Over time, this contrast between the water and oil cannot offset their mobility differences, then, the water cone becomes unstable and rises towards the well completion.…”

Section: Water Coning Mechanism In Horizontal Wellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most times, vertical wells exhibit a large pressure drawdown in the wellbore vicinity than horizontal wells. Horizontal wells provide an option whereby pressure drawdown is minimized and high production rate sustained [1]. In addition, at low drawdown, horizontal wells can have a larger capacity to produce oil compared to conventional vertical wells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Coning Prediction: An Evaluation of Horizontal Well Correlations

Okon¹

2018

EAS

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Oil production from bottom-water drive reservoirs is characterized by water production related problem -water coning. Most times, horizontal wells are used to attenuate this production challenge. That notwithstanding, overtime, depending on the production rate, water coning is also experienced with horizontal wells. Therefore, several correlations have been developed to predict the critical rate, breakthrough time and water-cut performance after breakthrough in horizontal wells. However, limited studies have evaluated the predictions of these developed water coning correlations. Therefore, an evaluation has been made to predict the various water coning correlations in horizontal wells. The obtained results show that the critical rate directly depends on the stand-off to drainage width and horizontal well length to drainage width ratios. Also, it is shown that the breakthrough time directly depends on the horizontal well length to drainage width ratio. Furthermore, the correlations developed from water-cut data for the prediction of post-water behaviour (i.e., water-cut performance) after breakthrough indicate more proficient water-cut profile than the correlations developed from water-oil ratio. Therefore, to prolong the occurrence of water coning in horizontal wells, the ratios of stand-off to drainage width and horizontal well length to drainage width should be considered to achieve maximum critical oil rate and breakthrough time in bottom-water reservoirs.

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Section: Water Coning Mechanism In Horizontal Wellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Coning Prediction: An Evaluation of Horizontal Well Correlations

Okon¹

2018

EAS

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“…This development causes the water-oil contact (WOC) below the oil completion interval to rise toward the perforation; as depicted in Figure 1. At low production rate, a stable cone is experienced as the dynamic force offset the gravity contrast between the oil and water phase [7]. This implies that the upward dynamic force is sufficiently balanced by the weight of water beneath the cone.…”

Section: Water Coning Phenomenon In Vertical Wellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these correlations, critical rate is probably the most discussed coning parameter [6]. The analytical approach establishes the correlations based on the equilibrium conditions of gravity forces and pressure gradients [7]. Also, Emara [8] added that in this approach, the critical rate is calculated by allowing the gravity forces equal the viscous forces in the proposed oil potential function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Evaluation of Water Coning Correlations in Vertical Wells

Okon¹

2018

AJSET

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In oil and gas production, developing bottom-water reservoirs with active aquifer requires production strategy that can handle production-rate-sensitive phenomenon -water coning. The coned water that moves into the completion interval results in production related problems: excessive water production, surface water handling, low oil productivity, among others. To this end, several correlations: critical rate, breakthrough time and water-cut performance after breakthrough have been developed based on analytical, empirical and numerical approach to evaluate water coning tendencies in petroleum reservoirs. Some of the developed correlations have gained field application. However, limited literatures are available that have evaluated the prediction of these water coning correlations. Thus, the various water coning correlations for vertical well were evaluated and the obtained results show that most correlations have the same prediction profile. Conversely, these correlations predicted different coning parameters' value. Further analysis of the results depicts that critical production rate and breakthrough time in vertical wells are indirectly dependent on fractional well penetration. In addition, the correlations developed from water-cut data for the prediction of water-cut performance after breakthrough indicate more realistic predictions in the water-cut profile than the correlations developed from water-oil ratio. Therefore, to delay water coning tendency in bottom-water reservoirs, fractional well penetration is a consideration in vertical wells to establish optimum critical oil rate and breakthrough time during oil and gas production.

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“…Existing literature indicated that several water coning correlation and control methods had been developed to predict and/or mitigate the severity of water coning phenomenon during hydrocarbon produc-tion. The developed water coning correlations include critical oil rate (qc); that is, the maximum production oil rate without producing water, breakthrough time (tbt)time water enters the wellbore, and post water performance after breakthrough [7]. Osisanya et al [8] maintained that critical oil rate (qc) is the most discussed coning correlation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated-reservoir-model-based critical oil rate correlation for vertical wells in thin oil rim reservoirs in the Niger Delta

Okon

Appah

2018

IJET

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Thin oil rim reservoirs are mostly characterized by development and production challenges; one of which is early water coning tendency. In the Niger Delta, most developed critical oil rate correlations to avert coning focused on conventional bottom-water drive reservoirs, while thin oil rim reservoirs received limited attention. Available correlations to estimate critical oil rate of thin oil rim reservoirs in Niger Delta are based on generic reservoir models, which does not consider the reservoir heterogeneity. Hence, it leaves these available correlations' predictions in doubt, considering the sensitive nature of developing thin oil rim reservoirs. Thus, a correlation for critical oil rate (qc) based on integrated reservoir model in the Niger Delta was develop for thin oil rim reservoirs using multivariable numerical optimization approach. The obtained result indicated that the developed correlation predicted 226.05 bbl/day compared to the actual Oilfield critical oil rate of 226.11 bbl/day. Furthermore, sensitivity study indicated that the developed correlation and the integrated reservoir model predictions of fractional well penetration (hp/h) and height below perforation -oil column (hbp/h) on critical oil rate (qc) were close and resulted in coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.9266 and 0.9525, Chi square (X 2 ) of 0.539 and 0.655, and RMSE of 4.336 and 4.357. Additionally, the results depict that critical oil rate depends indirectly on fractional well penetration and directly on height above perforation for vertical wells. Therefore, to delay water-coning tendency in thin oil rim reservoirs these completion parameters are consideration in vertical wells to establish optimum critical oil rate during hydrocarbons production. Also, the developed correlation can be used as a quick tool to estimate critical oil rate of thin oil rim reservoirs in the Niger Delta.

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Water Coning Prediction Review and Control: Developing an Integrated Approach

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Water Coning Prediction: An Evaluation of Horizontal Well Correlations

Water Coning Prediction: An Evaluation of Horizontal Well Correlations

A Critical Evaluation of Water Coning Correlations in Vertical Wells

Integrated-reservoir-model-based critical oil rate correlation for vertical wells in thin oil rim reservoirs in the Niger Delta

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