Water-borne transmission drives avian influenza dynamics in wild birds: The case of the 2005–2006 epidemics in the Camargue area

Roche, Benjamín; Lebarbenchon, Camille; Gauthier‐Clerc, Michel; Chang, Chung-Ming; Thomas, Frédéric; Renaud, François; Werf, Sylvie van der; Guégan, Jean‐François

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2009.04.009

Cited by 109 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Therefore, we may expect similar effects in domestic birds, where the virus spreads through direct bird-to-bird contact as well as through indirect contact via contaminated feed, equipment, water, and personnel. The potential presence of alternative transmission routes in domestic avian influenza may favor the persistence of strains with low bird-to-bird basic reproduction numbers (Roche et al 2005).…”

Section: Stochastic Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first hypothesis is that HPAI virus might be able to persist in the external environment . Theoretical analyses by Roche et al (2005), Rohani et al (2009), and some experimental studies (Stallknecht and Brown 2008;Brown et al 2007) indicated that some HPAI H5N1 genotypes may persist long enough in the environment to become part of the endemic cycles of viruses. The second hypothesis is that partial cross-immunity triggered by previous exposure reduces the pathogenicity of HPAI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Getting a free ride on poultry farms: how highly pathogenic avian influenza may persist in spite of its virulence

Leo

Bolzoni

2011

Theor Ecol

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It is well-known that highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) strains can arise from low pathogenic strains (LPAI) during epidemics in poultry farms. Despite this, the possibility that partial cross-immunity triggered by previous exposure to LPAI viruses may reduce the pathogenicity of HPAI and thus enhance its persistence has been generally overlooked in both empirical and theoretical work on avian influenza. We propose a simple mathematical model to investigate the interacting dynamics of HPAI and LPAI strains of avian influenza in small-scale poultry farms. Through the analysis of a deterministic ordinary differential equations model, we show that: (1) for a wide range of realistic model parameters, the reduction in pathogenicity yielded by previous LPAI infection might allow an HPAI strain that would not be able to persist in a host population when alone (ℜ 0 <1) to invade and co-exist in the host population along with the LPAI strain and (2) the coexistence between the HPAI and LPAI strains may be characterized by multiyear periodicity. Because simulations showed that troughs between epidemics can be deep, with only a fraction of existing flocks infected by the HPAI strain, we also ran an individual-based stochastic version of the dynamical model to analyze the potential for natural fade-out of the HPAI strain. The analysis of the stochastic model confirms the prediction that previous exposure to a LPAI strain can significantly increase the duration of the epidemics by an HPAI strain before it fades from the population.

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Section: Stochastic Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting a free ride on poultry farms: how highly pathogenic avian influenza may persist in spite of its virulence

Leo

Bolzoni

2011

Theor Ecol

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“…Feces shed from infected birds also harbor virus that can maintain infectivity in the environment for long periods [9,11,12]. The virus can be transmitted directly between birds or can be acquired by ingestion of contaminated water [10,13,14]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Influenza A viruses at migratory bird stopover sites in Michigan, USA

Lickfett

Clark

Gehring

et al. 2018

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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Introduction: Influenza A viruses have the potential to cause devastating illness in humans and domestic poultry. Wild birds are the natural reservoirs of Influenza A viruses and migratory birds are implicated in their global dissemination. High concentrations of this virus are excreted in the faeces of infected birds and faecal contamination of shared aquatic habitats can lead to indirect transmission among birds via the faecal-oral route. The role of migratory birds in the spread of avian influenza has led to large-scale surveillance efforts of circulating avian influenza viruses through direct sampling of live and dead wild birds. Environmental monitoring of bird habitats using molecular detection methods may provide additional information on the persistence of influenza virus at migratory stopover sites distributed across large spatial scales. Materials and methods: In the current study, faecal and water samples were collected at migratory stopover sites and evaluated for Influenza A by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. Results and Discussion: This study found that Influenza A was detected at 53% of the evaluated stopover sites, and 7% and 4.8% of the faecal and water samples, respectively, tested positive for Influenza A virus. Conclusion: Environmental monitoring detected Influenza A at stopover sites used by migratory birds.

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“…Considering the important role of waterborne transmission in the epidemiology of AIV Roche et al, 2009;Rohani et al, 2009), a large diversity of waterbird species could theoretically be infected. Despite a growing number of studies focusing on AIV circulation in wild bird populations, the potential role of many waterbird species in the ecology and epidemiology of these viruses remains undefined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza A Viruses in American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos)

Lebarbenchon

Sreevatsan

Ramakrishnan

et al. 2010

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Water-borne transmission drives avian influenza dynamics in wild birds: The case of the 2005–2006 epidemics in the Camargue area

Cited by 109 publications

References 36 publications

Getting a free ride on poultry farms: how highly pathogenic avian influenza may persist in spite of its virulence

Getting a free ride on poultry farms: how highly pathogenic avian influenza may persist in spite of its virulence

Detection of Influenza A viruses at migratory bird stopover sites in Michigan, USA

Influenza A Viruses in American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos)

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