Water Binding in the Articular Cartilage of Rabbits

Ff, Jaffe; Hj, Mankin; Weiss, Charles; Zarins, A

doi:10.2106/00004623-197456050-00014

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Therefore the study of transport of water molecules within the cartilage has gained importance and has been studied for over 40 years 41; 59 . The type of water in cartilage has generally been categorized as existing in three pools, as free water, water that forms hydrogen bonds with the collagen surface and trapped between collagen fibers (tightly bound), and water that forms hydrogen bonds with proteoglycan anioic sites (loosely bound) 30; 58 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near Infrared Spectroscopic Evaluation of Water in Hyaline Cartilage

2013

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In diseased conditions of cartilage such as osteoarthritis, there is typically an increase in water content from the average normal of 60–85% to greater than 90%. As cartilage has very little capability for self-repair, methods of early detection of degeneration are required, and assessment of water could prove to be a useful diagnostic method. Current assessment methods are either destructive, time consuming or have limited sensitivity. Here, we investigated the hypotheses that non-destructive near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) of articular cartilage can be used to differentiate between free and bound water, and to quantitatively assess water content. The absorbances centered at 5200 cm−1 and 6890 cm−1 were attributed to a combination of free and bound water, and to free water only, respectively. The integrated areas of both absorbance bands were found to correlate linearly with the absolute water content (R=0.87 and R= 0.86) and with percent water content (R=0.97 and R=0.96) of the tissue. Partial least square models were also successfully developed and were used to predict water content, and percent free water. These data demonstrate that NIRS can be utilized to quantitatively determine water content in articular cartilage, and may aid in early detection of degenerative tissue changes in a laboratory setting, and with additional validations, possibly in a clinical setting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near Infrared Spectroscopic Evaluation of Water in Hyaline Cartilage

2013

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“…Both molecules bind to water by different ways. 18 Within the solid phase proteoglycans contain repeating sulphate and carboxylate groups along their chains, which become negatively charged when placed in an aqueous solution. These negatively charged molecules repel each other exerting a large swelling pressure which is resisted by the tensile stress of the surrounding collagen network.…”

Section: Biochemical Properties Of Hyaline Cartilagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These negatively charged molecules repel each other exerting a large swelling pressure which is resisted by the tensile stress of the surrounding collagen network. 18 The balance of the expanding swelling pressure exerted by the proteoglycans and the constraining tensile force within the collagen network determines the degree of hydration in the cartilage.…”

Section: Biochemical Properties Of Hyaline Cartilagementioning

confidence: 99%

Hyaline articular cartilage

Kheir¹,

Shaw²

2009

Orthopaedics and Trauma

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“…Im gesunden Knorpel beträgt der Wassergehalt ca. 60 %, im geschädigten Knorpel nimmt der Wassergehalt signifikant auf 70 bis 80 % zu [10,43,88]. Dieser Wassereinstrom ist assoziiert mir der bei der Chondromalazie bekannten Knorpelschwellung [61].…”

Section: Alterung Degeneration Chondrale Schädigung Und Arthroseunclassified

Knorpelschaden und Gonarthrose

Spahn¹

2006

Akt Traumatol

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Die Funktion des hyalinen Knorpels hängt entscheidend von der Homöostase der chondralen Matrixbestandteile (vor allem Kollagen II und Proteoglykane) ab. Dieses Gleichgewicht wird durch die abgestimmte Steuerung von Synthese-und Abbauprozessen der Matrixbestandteile gewährleistet. Knorpel ist ein mehrschichtiges Gewebe: oberflächliche Tangentialschicht, mittlere Schicht, Radiärschicht, Tidemark und subchondraler Knochen. Die oberflächliche Schicht ist reich an zur Oberfläche ausgerichteten Kollagenfasern und damit sehr resistent gegenüber den auftretenden Druck-und Scherkräften. Die tieferen Schichten enthalten Proteoglykane in hoher Konzentration, diese binden Wasser und bewirken so die Vorspannung für die Kollagenfasern und können vor allem auftretende Druckkräfte neutralisieren. Der Matrix-Turnover wird hauptsächlich durch Zytokine und die damit verbundene Aktivierung von Matrix-Metallo-Proteasen gesteuert. Charakteristisch für den Knorpel ist die viskoelastische Reaktion auf Belastung. Im Rahmen der Knorpeldegeneration kommt es zum Überwiegen kataboler Prozesse in dessen Folge der Kollagen-II-und Proteoglykangehalt sinkt. Wassereinstrom führt zum Knorpelödem und die Chondrozyten werden apoptotisch. Das führt zur Verminderung der mechanischen Belastbarkeit, infolgedessen Knorpelschäden unterschiedlicher Schweregrade entstehen. Sekundäre Schäden am subchondralen Knochen und der Synovia führen schließlich zur Arthrose. AbstractArticular cartilage homoeostasis is critical for joint function. The steady state homoeostasis of articular cartilage matrix composits (above all collagen type II and proteoglycans) is a balance between anabolic morphogens such as cartilage derived morphogenetic proteins. Cartilage composites of superficial tangential zone, middle zone, deep radial zone, tide mark and subchondral bone. The superior zone is rich on radial orientated collagen fibers. This causes a high mechanical resistance against pressure and shear forces. The deep layers contain more proteoglycans and water. This creates a preload for the collagen fibers as well as neutralizes pressure forces too. The matrix turnover is regulated by cytokines which activate matrix metalloproteinases. The biomechanical property of cartilage is characterized by viscoelasticity. Cartilage degeneration is caused by the increase of katabolic processes. There is a decrease of matrix composites like collagen type II and proteoglycans. The increases of water content products the edema and the chondrocytes become apoptoptically. This is conformed by a decreased mechanical resistance. The cartilage defects results from this loss of mechanical properties. Secondary are damages within the subchondral bone and the synovia. This is characteristically for the osteoarthritis. Originalarbeit195 Institutsangaben Praxisklinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Eisenach Korrespondenzadresse Dr. med. Gunter Spahn · Praxisklinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie · Sophienstraße 16 · 99817 Eisenach · Tel.: 0 36 91/7 35 00 · Fax: 0 36 91/73 5011 ·

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Water Binding in the Articular Cartilage of Rabbits

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Near Infrared Spectroscopic Evaluation of Water in Hyaline Cartilage

Near Infrared Spectroscopic Evaluation of Water in Hyaline Cartilage

Hyaline articular cartilage

Knorpelschaden und Gonarthrose

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