Water Balance of Mediterranean Ecosystems Under a Changing Climate

Rambal, Serge; Debussche, Geneviève

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4186-7_19

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Since the slope of the Δψ vs. ψ pd resembles the flow conductance from soil to leaf expressed on a leaf area basis (Rambal and Debussche 1995), the results obtained indicate that both species experienced large reductions in hydraulic conductance in response to summer drought. This is also supported by the strong reduction in sap flow measured in both species under summer drought (Martínez-Vilalta et al 2003).…”

Section: Plant and Tissue Water Relationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Contribution of physiological and morphological adjustments to drought resistance in two Mediterranean tree species

Serrano¹,

Peñuelas²

2005

Biologia plant.

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Plant water potential (ψ), its components, and gas exchange data of two Mediterranean co-occurring woody species (Quercus ilex L. and Phillyrea latifolia L.) were measured in response to seasonal changes in water availability over two consecutive years. The relative contribution of physiological and morphological adjustments to drought resistance was assessed through Principal Component Analyses. There were large adjustments in stomatal conductance (~36 % of accounted variance). Net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency were closely tuned to water availability and accounted for ~17 % of variance. The slope of the water potential vs. relative water content (dψ/dRWC 0 ) below zero pressure potential increased as a result of seasonal and ontogenic increases in apoplastic water fraction and accounted for ~20 % variance. This tolerance mechanism was accompanied by an increased range of positive pressure potential, suggesting a functional role of sclerophylly in these Mediterranean evergreens. Similarly, changes in the slope of dψ/dRWC in the range of positive pressure potential (~13 % of accounted variance) were associated to variations in cell wall elasticity and resulted in lower RWC at zero pressure potential. When considering the species studied separately, the results indicated the primary role of stomatal regulation in the drought resistance of Q. ilex, while increased apoplastic water fraction had a major contribution in the drought resistance of P. latifolia.Additional key words: drought stress, Phillyrea latifolia, net photosynthetic rate, plant and tissue-water relations, Quercus ilex, stomatal conductance, water potential.

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Section: Plant and Tissue Water Relationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Contribution of physiological and morphological adjustments to drought resistance in two Mediterranean tree species

Serrano¹,

Peñuelas²

2005

Biologia plant.

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“…This data set was scaled to our experimental site using overlapping precipitation data from 1984 to 2011. As shown by Rambal and Debussche (1995) and López-Moreno et al (2009), the coefficient of variation for precipitation is regionally conserved and was used to fit theoretical lognormal distribution functions for extreme precipitation events at our site. Return periods were calculated as 1/p, where p is the probability of occurrence (Rambal and Debussche, 1995).…”

Section: Drought Frequency Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

How drought severity constrains gross primary production(GPP) and its partitioning among carbon pools in a <i>Quercus ilex</i> coppice?

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The partitioning of photosynthates toward biomass compartments plays a crucial role in the carbon (C) sink function of forests. Few studies have examined how carbon is allocated toward plant compartments in droughtprone forests. We analyzed the fate of gross primary production (GPP) in relation to yearly water deficit in an old evergreen Mediterranean Quercus ilex coppice severely affected by water limitations. Carbon fluxes between the ecosystem and the atmosphere were measured with an eddy covariance flux tower running continuously since 2001. Discrete measurements of litterfall, stem growth and f APAR allowed us to derive annual productions of leaves, wood, flowers and acorns, and an isometric relationship between stem and belowground biomass has been used to estimate perennial belowground growth. By combining eddy covariance fluxes with annual net primary productions (NPP), we managed to close a C budget and derive values of autotrophic, heterotrophic respirations and carbon-use efficiency (CUE; the ratio between NPP and GPP). Average values of yearly net ecosystem production (NEP), GPP and R eco were 282, 1259 and 977 g C m −2 . The corresponding aboveground net primary production (ANPP) components were 142.5, 26.4 and 69.6 g C m −2 for leaves, reproductive effort (flowers and fruits) and stems, respectively. NEP, GPP and R eco were affected by annual water deficit. Partitioning to the different plant compartments was also impacted by drought, with a hierarchy of responses going from the most affected -the stem growth -to the least affected -the leaf production. The average CUE was 0.40, which is well in the range for Mediterranean-type forest ecosystems. CUE tended to decrease less drastically in response to drought than GPP and NPP did, probably due to drought acclimation of autotrophic respiration. Overall, our results provide a baseline for modeling the inter-annual variations of carbon fluxes and allocation in this widespread Mediterranean ecosystem, and they highlight the value of maintaining continuous experimental measurements over the long term.

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“…Statistical analysis suggested that factors related to the water balance might override the effects of temperature on annual ecosystem car- bon balance. Ecosystem water balances are changing due to altered rainfall and evaporation patterns (Rambal and Debussche, 1995;Waple and Lawrimore, 2003). This result also highlighted the possibility that with respect to changing climate the variations in rainfall and evaporation patterns might affect ecosystem carbon balance complexly.…”

Section: Water Balance Controls Over Interannual Variations In Gep Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although not as commonly recognized, it is evident that ecosystem water balances are changing due to altered rainfall and evaporation patterns (Rambal and Debussche, 1995; Correspondence to: X.-M. Sun (sunxm@igsnrr.ac.cn) Waple and Lawrimore, 2003;Reichstein et al, 2007). Enhanced drought may not only result from low annual rainfall, but more likely from a different rainfall distribution (Rambal and Debussche, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecosystem carbon exchanges of a subtropical evergreen coniferous plantation subjected to seasonal drought, 2003–2007

et al. 2010

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Abstract. The behavior of whole ecosystems in humid climate zone in response to drought is less well documented. Continuous measurements of carbon dioxide and water vapor exchange using the eddy covariance technique during 2003-2007 were made above a subtropical evergreen coniferous plantation in Southeast China. Seasonal distribution of precipitation and temperature was inconsistent during the summer, which resulted in droughts frequently. Gross ecosystem photosynthesis (GEP), ecosystem respiration (RE) and net ecosystem production (NEP) showed clear seasonality, with low rates during droughts and in winter. With statistical significance, the monthly GEP and RE increased exponentially with air temperature, but the monthly NEP was less sensitive and only increased linearly with air temperature. However, the function response of monthly NEP and its components (GEP and RE) disappeared under high temperature and low soil moisture. Monthly and yearly RE showed a statistically linear and positive dependence on the corresponding GEP. Annual NEP varied among years from 306 to 430 g C m −2 (mean 395, SD 50). Interannual variability in NEP was controlled primarily by air temperature and the ratio of precipitation and evapotranspiration that affected the RE/GEP ratio, which varied between 0.76 and 0.81 (mean 0.78, SD 0.02).

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Water Balance of Mediterranean Ecosystems Under a Changing Climate

Cited by 40 publications

References 24 publications

Contribution of physiological and morphological adjustments to drought resistance in two Mediterranean tree species

Contribution of physiological and morphological adjustments to drought resistance in two Mediterranean tree species

How drought severity constrains gross primary production(GPP) and its partitioning among carbon pools in a <i>Quercus ilex</i> coppice?

Ecosystem carbon exchanges of a subtropical evergreen coniferous plantation subjected to seasonal drought, 2003–2007

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Water Balance of Mediterranean Ecosystems Under a Changing Climate

Cited by 40 publications

References 24 publications

Contribution of physiological and morphological adjustments to drought resistance in two Mediterranean tree species

Contribution of physiological and morphological adjustments to drought resistance in two Mediterranean tree species

How drought severity constrains gross primary production(GPP) and its partitioning among carbon pools in a &lt;i&gt;Quercus ilex&lt;/i&gt; coppice?

Ecosystem carbon exchanges of a subtropical evergreen coniferous plantation subjected to seasonal drought, 2003–2007

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How drought severity constrains gross primary production(GPP) and its partitioning among carbon pools in a <i>Quercus ilex</i> coppice?