Water and Seed Survival

Roberts, Ε. H.; Ellis, R. H.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087727

Cited by 257 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Since at a given water potential, the lipidrich sunflower seeds contain less water than starchy Phaseolus, the levels determined in Phaseolus may correspond to 0.05 to 0.09 g water* (g dry wt)-' for sunflower seeds (21). Therefore, it is likely that the seeds used in this study (0.045 g water.…”

Section: Mitochondrial Membranes In Dry Seeds: Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 93%

Oxidative Phosphorylation by Mitochondria Extracted from Dry Sunflower Seeds

Attucci¹,

Carde²,

Raymond³

et al. 1991

Plant Physiol.

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The role of mitochondria in the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP in the early steps of seed germination has been studied. Mitochondria were extracted from dry sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seeds. Adenylate kinase-dependent ATP synthesis was inhibited by p ',p5-di(adenosine-5') results were obtained in similar experiments with mung bean and cucumber seeds (14). It was concluded from all these results that, as soon as water enters into the cells, preexisting mitochondria synthesize ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. More recently, active ATPase and Cyt oxidase could be extracted from quiescent maize embryos (6). Thus protective mechanisms must occur in the dry seed which allow the membranes to withstand dryness or rehydration without disorganization (2, 9, 25). In the present paper, we show that mitochondria extracted from dry sunflower seeds (Helianthus annuus) are able to produce ATP by the oxidation of various organic acids or NADH, and this production is abolished by inhibitors of the partial reactions involved in the process of oxidative phosphorylation. The morphology of these mitochondria is also described and discussed in relation to their function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant MaterialThe mechanisms by which ATP is produced upon imbibition of seeds and during the early phases of their germination has been a matter of debate for about three decades (for reviews see refs. 1, 17, 19). Although seed respiration has been established for a long time, its link with the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP is in doubt mainly for two reasons. Many authors observed no inhibition of germination by cyanide (19). Also, in spite of many attempts in various laboratories, phosphorylating mitochondria ofgerminating seeds have been obtained in only two cases, from peanut cotyledons imbibed for 40 min (27), and from cucumber cotyledons imbibed for 6 h (14). Moreover, the leakage of solutes during seed imbibition suggested some degree of membrane disorganization either in the dry state or following rehydration (5,23,26). It was believed, in particular, that mitochondria were damaged and had to be repaired during the germination period to become functional at the time of radicle emergence (13). Because fermentation has a low activity in most germinating seeds under aerated conditions (20), new pathways for ATP synthesis have been sought ( 17).However, in vivo studies on lettuce seeds showed that the ATP synthesis which occurs upon imbibition of the seeds is 02-dependent and KCN-sensitive, suggesting that the mechanism involved is oxidative phosphorylation (8). The same Sunflower seeds (Helianthus annuus cv Rodeo) obtained from CETIOM (France) were stored at 4°C in closed vessels containing silica gel. The seeds were dehusked by hand 1 or 2 d before utilization and stored at 4°C in flasks containing silica gel. Their water content was 4.5% (w/w) as determined after drying 24 h at 95°C. ChemicalsAll organic compounds were from Sigma and Merck, except Percoll (Pharmacia), Triton X-100 (Packard), f3-mercaptoethanol (Serva), and glyce...

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Section: Mitochondrial Membranes In Dry Seeds: Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 93%

Oxidative Phosphorylation by Mitochondria Extracted from Dry Sunflower Seeds

Attucci¹,

Carde²,

Raymond³

et al. 1991

Plant Physiol.

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“…Mean germination time (MGT) was calculated according to the modified equation of Roberts and Ellis (1989): MGT = ΣD n /Σn where n is the number of seeds germinated on day D, and D is the number of days counted from the beginning of germination.…”

Section: Hydro-and Hormonal-primingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative assessment of indica rice germination to hydropriming, hormonal priming and polyethylen glycol priming

Abiri

Shaharuddin

Mahmood

et al. 2016

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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“…Coincidentemente, o modelo simplificado (Vp -Vi)/ p = -(tgβ) mostra que a taxa de deterioração da semente (tgβ) equivale a 1/σ da equação de Ellis & Roberts (1980). Nem o genótipo e nem a qualidade inicial da semente afetam a declividade (1/σ e tgβ) das curvas, mas somente a intercepção, K i , da equação de viabilidade (2) é afetada por tais fatores (Roberts, 1973;Roberts & Ellis, 1989). Portanto, a equação simplificada proposta pode ser descrita pelo modelo: Vp = Vi -(tgβ).p, em que Vp é a viabilidade da semente em 'probit' no período p, Vi = Vp quando p = 0, e Vi é a qualidade inicial da semente.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Simplificação da equação de viabilidade para predizer a longevidade de sementes de milho e soja

Andreoli

2004

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -A equação de Ellis & Roberts utiliza a temperatura, a umidade e a qualidade inicial da semente para predizer sua longevidade, porém exige experimentos complexos e demorados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi simplificar a equação de viabilidade para predizer a longevidade da semente de milho e soja em condições de armazenamento aberto. A equação simplificada é explicada pelo modelo Vp = Vi -(tgβ).p, em que Vp é a viabilidade em probit no período p, Vi é a germinação inicial do lote e tgβ é a taxa de deterioração da semente para cada espécie. Sementes de milho BRS201 e BRS206 e soja cultivar IAC-8 e MG/BR 46 (Conquista) foram embaladas em sacos de papel e armazenadas por 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300 e 360 dias, em galpões abertos, em Sete Lagoas, MG, e Brasília, DF. Os dados foram transformados em 'probit' e a declividade da reta (tgβ) foi calculada entre 0 e 30 dias. O coeficiente (tgβ) variou de 1,4767.10 -3 a 2,687.10 -3 em milho e de 2,868.10 -3 a 3,617.10 -3 em soja, dependendo das condições climáticas do armazém. A germinação da semente de soja declinou mais rapidamente que a de milho. O modelo prediz com precisão a longevidade das sementes de milho e soja em armazém aberto.Termos para indexação: germinação, armazenamento, vigor, deterioração. Simplification of viability equation to predict seed longevity of corn and soybeanAbstract -Temperature, moisture and initial quality are important factors in Ellis and Roberts' equation to predict seed longevity, however it relies on complex experiments of seed aging. The objective of this work was to simplify the equation for predicting changes in seed viability during open warehouse storage. The simplified equation proposed is given by the model Vp = Vi -(tgβ).p, in which Vp is seed viability in probit for a period p (days), Vi is the initial seed viability in probit and tgβ is the seed deterioration rate for each specie at determined storage conditions. Seeds of hybrid corn BRS201 and BRS206 and soybean varieties IAC-8 and MG/BR 46 (Conquista) were packed in multiwall paper bags and stored for 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300 and 360 days in open warehouse at two locations, Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais State and Brasília, Federal District. The data were transformed in probit and the deterioration rate (tgβ) between 0 and 30 days was calculated. The coefficient tgβ ranged from 1.476x10 -3 to 2.687x10 -3 for corn and from 2.868x10 -3 to 3.617x10 -3 for soybean, depending on locations. These data indicate that soybean seed germination declined faster than corn. This model has accurately predicted corn and soybean seed germination after an open storage period.

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Water and Seed Survival

Cited by 257 publications

References 16 publications

Oxidative Phosphorylation by Mitochondria Extracted from Dry Sunflower Seeds

Oxidative Phosphorylation by Mitochondria Extracted from Dry Sunflower Seeds

Quantitative assessment of indica rice germination to hydropriming, hormonal priming and polyethylen glycol priming

Simplificação da equação de viabilidade para predizer a longevidade de sementes de milho e soja

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