Water and nutrient fluxes in a cool temperate rainforest at the Cordillera de la Costa in southern Chile

Oyarzún, Carlos; Godoy, Roberto; Sepulveda, A. Monsalve

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1085(19980615)12:7<1067::aid-hyp641>3.0.co;2-o

Cited by 27 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The bedrock of the study area is composed of coarse ferromagnesian compounds with high weathering capacity. These results are in contrast with input-output nutrient budgets calculated for coniferous forests of F. cupressoides located at Cordillera de la Costa (41 8S) (Oyarzún et al 1998). The budget for base cations was positive, indicating the stability of the bedrock of the Cordillera de la Costa with negligible input from the geological substratum.…”

Section: Watershed Nutrient Fluxescontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…(40 8S) (Huber and Oyarzún 1992), and a coniferous native forest of F. cuppressoides in the Cordillera de la Costa (40 8S) at 820 m a.s.l. (Oyarzún et al 1998). In south-central Chile, the native broad-leaved trees have a rough bark as well as abundant epiphytes and mosses which increase the interception storage and reduce the stemflow volume (Huber and Iroumé 2001).…”

Section: Hydrologic Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemistry of precipitation in southern Chile reflects one of the closest approximations of pre-industrial atmospheric conditions in the world (Weathers and Likens 1997). Depositions of inorganic nitrogen (NO 3 -N þ NH 4 -N) are reported to be below 1 kg ha À1 year À1 in coniferous forests dominated by Fitzroya cupressoides and Pilgerodendron uviferum, evergreen broad-leaved forests dominated by Nothofagus nitida and Drimys winteri (Hedin et al 1995) and F. cupressoides forests (Oyarzún et al 1998) at the Cordillera de la Costa in southern Chile. Godoy et al (1999) found less than 5 kg ha À1 year À1 of inorganic nitrogen deposition in a deciduous Nothofagus pumilio forest of the Cordillera de los Andes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water chemistry and nutrient budgets in an undisturbed evergreen rainforest of southern Chile

et al. 2004

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In a pristine evergreen rainforest of Nothofagus betuloides, located at the Cordillera de los Andes in southern Chile (41 8S), concentrations and fluxes of nutrients in bulk precipitation, cloud water, throughfall water, stemflow water, soil infiltration and percolation water and runoff water were measured. The main objectives of this study were to investigate canopy-soil-atmosphere interactions and to calculate input-output budgets. From May 1999 till April 2000, the experimental watershed received 8121 mm water (86% incident precipitation, 14% cloud water), of which the canopy intercepted 16%. Runoff water volume amounted 9527 mm. Bulk deposition of inorganic (DIN) and organic (DON) nitrogen amounted 3.6 kg ha À1 year À1 and 8.2 kg ha À1 year À1 respectively. Occult deposition (clouds þ fog) contributes for 40% to the atmospheric nitrogen input (bulk þ occult deposition) of the forest. An important part of the atmospheric ammonium deposition is retained within the canopy or converted to nitrate or organic nitrogen by epiphytic bacteria or lichens. Also the export of inorganic (0.9 kg ha À1 year À1 ) and organic (5.2 kg ha À1 year À1 ) nitrogen via runoff is lower than the input to the forest floor via throughfall and stemflow water (3.2 kg DIN ha À1 year À1 and 5.6 kg DON ha À1 year À1 ). The low concentrations of NO À 3 and NH þ 4 under the rooting depth suggest an effective biological immobilization by vegetation and soil microflora. Dry deposition and foliar leaching of base cations (K þ , Ca 2þ , Mg 2þ ) was estimated using a canopy budget model. Bulk deposition accounted for about 50% of the total atmospheric input. Calculated dry and occult deposition are both of equal value (about 25%). Foliar leaching of K þ , Ca 2þ , and Mg 2þ accounted for 45%, 38% and 6% of throughfall deposition respectively. On an annual basis, the experimental watershed was a net source for Na þ , Ca 2þ and Mg 2þ .

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Section: Watershed Nutrient Fluxescontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Hydrologic Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water chemistry and nutrient budgets in an undisturbed evergreen rainforest of southern Chile

et al. 2004

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“…We assumed that both N and P concentrations in the precipitation were quite uniform across the six catchments because no local anthropogenic sources were present in the region. Data from other studies near our study sites (Godoy, Paulino, Oyarzún, & Boeckx, 2003;Oyarzún, Godoy, & Sepúlveda, 1998) indicated a low spatial variability in nitrogen concentrations in precipitation. Cloud and fog water inputs were not included.…”

Section: Atmospheric Input and Runoff Exportmentioning

confidence: 52%

Effects of Land Use Conversion from Native Forests to Exotic Plantations on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Retention in Catchments of Southern Chile

Oyarzún

Aracena

Rutherford

et al. 2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

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In six small catchments located at the Cordillera de la Costa in southern Chile (40°S), concentrations and fluxes of NO 3 -N, NH 4 -N, organic-N, total-N and total-P in bulk precipitation and runoff water were measured. The main objective of this study was to compare nitrogen and phosphorus retention of catchments with varying land cover of native forest and exotic plantations, in order to evaluate possible effects of land use change. Nitrate-N was the dominant fraction (>50%) of nitrogen loss, especially in the catchments dominated by exotic plantations. In the catchment with native forests, NO 3 − only contributed with 34% of the nitrogen loss and DON was the main output with 55%. Annual NO 3 − export was lower in the catchment with native forest compared to the catchments with exotic plantations where the streamflow output exceed the precipitation input. Average inputs of total-N were 2.6 kg ha −1 year −1 (DIN=1.4 kg ha −1 year −1 , DON=1.2 kg ha −1 year −1 ) and outputs were 1.7 kg ha −1 year −1 (DIN= 1.2 kg ha −1 year −1 , DON=0.5 kg ha −1 year −1 ). Annual retention of total nitrogen fluctuated between 61% in a catchment dominated by native forests to 15% in catchments dominated by exotic plantations of Eucalyptus sp. Nitrogen retention was positively related with native forest coverage. The N retention capacity of the catchments could be both attributed to consequences of clear cutting practices and differences in vegetation cover.

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“…Nitrogen fixation would support better growth by the lichen in a region where natural nitrogen sources are very low; atmospheric deposition rates in southern Chile are possibly the lowest in the world (Oyarzun et al, 1998) and the rocks do not offer a supply either.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical, morphological and ecophysiological strategies in Placopsis pycnotheca (lichenized fungi, Ascomycota) allowing rapid colonization of recently deglaciated soils

Rı́os

Raggio

Pérez‐Ortega

et al. 2011

Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants

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Water and nutrient fluxes in a cool temperate rainforest at the Cordillera de la Costa in southern Chile

Cited by 27 publications

References 21 publications

Water chemistry and nutrient budgets in an undisturbed evergreen rainforest of southern Chile

Water chemistry and nutrient budgets in an undisturbed evergreen rainforest of southern Chile

Effects of Land Use Conversion from Native Forests to Exotic Plantations on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Retention in Catchments of Southern Chile

Anatomical, morphological and ecophysiological strategies in Placopsis pycnotheca (lichenized fungi, Ascomycota) allowing rapid colonization of recently deglaciated soils

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