Water- and Fat-Soluble Antioxidants in Human Seminal Plasma and Serum of Fertile Males

Lazzarino, Giacomo; Listorti, Ilaria; Bilotta, Gabriele; Capozzolo, Talia; Amorini, Angela Maria; Longo, Salvatore; Caruso, Giuseppe; Lazzarino, Giuseppe; Tavazzi, Barbara; Bilotta, Pasquale

doi:10.3390/antiox8040096

Cited by 52 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Confirming the results in unsorted sperms in human (Lazzarino et al, 2019), rooster (Min, Sun, Niu, & Liu, 2016) and bull (Paudel et al, 2010), the present study showed that VC significantly reduced the MDA levels in sex-sorted bull sperm (Figure 1a). VC can scavenge ROS directly as one kind of antioxidant (Attia, Hassan, & Qota, 2009) and effectively improve levels of endogenous antioxidants (catalase and glutathione) in sperm (Hu et al, 2010), which explains the lower MDA levels in VC-treated groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Protective effect of vitamin C and lycopene on the in vitro fertilization capacity of sex‐sorted bull sperm by inhibiting the oxidative stress

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The fertilization capacity of sex‐sorted sperms is seriously decreased, which inhibits its wide application. However, little information is still available about the effect of vitamin C (VC) and lycopene (Lyc) on the fertilization capacity of sex‐sorted bull sperm. In this study, the washing medium and fertilization medium of sex‐sorted sperm from three bull individuals were supplemented with different concentrations of VC (0, 1 × 10–3, 1 × 10–4, 1 × 10–5, 1 × 10–6 M) or Lyc (0, 1 × 10–4, 1 × 10–5, 1 × 10–6, 1 × 10–7). After washing twice and incubation for 1.5 hr, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level, phosphatidylserine (PS) translocation, membrane potential (Δψm) and IVF (in vitro fertilization) ability of sex‐sorted sperm were investigated. For the sex‐sorted sperm of bulls A, B and C, 1 × 10–3 M VC or 1 × 10–4 M Lyc treatment significantly decreased their MDA levels and PS translocation and increased their Δψm levels and cleavage rates after IVF. When blastocysts were concerned, 1 × 10–4 M Lyc significantly improved the blastocyst rates and their IFN‐tau expression of bulls A and C. In conclusion, supplementation of 1 × 10–3 M VC or 1 × 10–4 M Lyc in washing and fertilization medium contributed greatly to improving the fertilization capacity of sex‐sorted bull sperm during IVF procedure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Protective effect of vitamin C and lycopene on the in vitro fertilization capacity of sex‐sorted bull sperm by inhibiting the oxidative stress

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…As a biological response to oxidative stress, seminal plasma has evolved one of the most powerful antioxidant fluids known to man, replete with a range of antioxidant enzymes and small molecular mass free radical scavengers that, combined, generate a level of total antioxidant power that is estimated to be 10× higher than blood [56]. This antioxidant cocktail includes catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and peroxiredoxins as well as water-soluble (uric acid, hypotaurine, tyrosine, polyphenols, vitamin C, ergothionine and glutathione) and fat-soluble (all-trans-retinoic acid, all-trans-retinol, α-tocopherol, carotenoids and coenzyme Q10) scavengers [56][57][58].…”

Section: Inadequate Antioxidant Protection From Seminal Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Oxidative Stress in Determining the Functionality of Mammalian Spermatozoa: A Two-Edged Sword

2020

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This article addresses the importance of oxidative processes in both the generation of functional gametes and the aetiology of defective sperm function. Functionally, sperm capacitation is recognized as a redox-regulated process, wherein a low level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is intimately involved in driving such events as the stimulation of tyrosine phosphorylation, the facilitation of cholesterol efflux and the promotion of cAMP generation. However, the continuous generation of ROS ultimately creates problems for spermatozoa because their unique physical architecture and unusual biochemical composition means that they are vulnerable to oxidative stress. As a consequence, they are heavily dependent on the antioxidant protection afforded by the fluids in the male and female reproductive tracts and, during the precarious process of insemination, seminal plasma. If this antioxidant protection should be compromised for any reason, then the spermatozoa experience pathological oxidative damage. In addition, situations may prevail that cause the spermatozoa to become exposed to high levels of ROS emanating either from other cells in the immediate vicinity (particularly neutrophils) or from the spermatozoa themselves. The environmental and lifestyle factors that promote ROS generation by the spermatozoa are reviewed in this article, as are the techniques that might be used in a diagnostic context to identify patients whose reproductive capacity is under oxidative threat. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of ROS-monitoring methodologies is critical if we are to effectively identify those patients for whom treatment with antioxidants might be considered a rational management strategy.

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“…This tendency is certainly due to different reasons, including the lack of standardized, clearly effective pharmacological approaches of TBI patients, the increased knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying cerebral damage after TBI, and the lack of unwanted side effects for the large majority of low molecular weight antioxidants. With the exclusion of reduced glutathione (GSH), uric acid, and coenzyme Q10 (these last two are secondary antioxidants since this is not their primary biological role), another common characteristic of low molecular weight antioxidants is that mammals are unable to perform their synthesis so that they depend on regular intake with diet to have adequate circulating and tissue concentrations of antioxidants [47]. Therefore, the quality of food consumed and/or supplementation of adjuvants and nutraceuticals is of fundamental importance in order to provide significant protection in the case of increased ROS and RNS formation [48,49].…”

Section: Tbi and Oxidative/nitrosative Stress: A Rationale For Antioxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Efficient absorption of this molecule mainly occurs through the SVCT1 Na + -ascorbic acid transporter activity [54,55]. Although, circulating levels of AA are relatively low (30 to 70 mol/L serum in healthy humans) [47], abundant AA concentrations are found in peripheral tissues, particularly in the brain, where it is usually present in concentrations up to 3000 mol/L brain water [56][57][58]. The SVCT2 Na + -ascorbic acid transporter, ubiquitously distributed on the cell membrane of the different tissues, provides the electrogenic AA transport exploiting the favorable extracellular/intracellular sodium gradient [59,60].…”

Section: Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Therapies in Traumatic Brain Injury

et al. 2020

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Due to a multiplicity of causes provoking traumatic brain injury (TBI), TBI is a highly heterogeneous pathology, characterized by high mortality and disability rates. TBI is an acute neurodegenerative event, potentially and unpredictably evolving into sub-chronic and chronic neurodegenerative events, with transient or permanent neurologic, cognitive, and motor deficits, for which no valid standardized therapies are available. A vast body of literature demonstrates that TBI-induced oxidative/nitrosative stress is involved in the development of both acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. Cellular defenses against this phenomenon are largely dependent on low molecular weight antioxidants, most of which are consumed with diet or as nutraceutical supplements. A large number of studies have evaluated the efficacy of antioxidant administration to decrease TBI-associated damage in various animal TBI models and in a limited number of clinical trials. Points of weakness of preclinical studies are represented by the large variability in the TBI model adopted, in the antioxidant tested, in the timing, dosages, and routes of administration used, and in the variety of molecular and/or neurocognitive parameters evaluated. The analysis of the very few clinical studies does not allow strong conclusions to be drawn on the real effectiveness of antioxidant administration to TBI patients. Standardizing TBI models and different experimental conditions, as well as testing the efficacy of administration of a cocktail of antioxidants rather than only one, should be mandatory. According to some promising clinical results, it appears that sports-related concussion is probably the best type of TBI to test the benefits of antioxidant administration.

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Water- and Fat-Soluble Antioxidants in Human Seminal Plasma and Serum of Fertile Males

Cited by 52 publications

References 58 publications

Protective effect of vitamin C and lycopene on the in vitro fertilization capacity of sex‐sorted bull sperm by inhibiting the oxidative stress

Protective effect of vitamin C and lycopene on the in vitro fertilization capacity of sex‐sorted bull sperm by inhibiting the oxidative stress

The Importance of Oxidative Stress in Determining the Functionality of Mammalian Spermatozoa: A Two-Edged Sword

Antioxidant Therapies in Traumatic Brain Injury

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