Water and energy as inseparable twins for sustainable solutions

Hofman, Jan; Hofman‐Caris, Roberta; Nederlof, M.M.; Frijns, Jos; Loosdrecht, M.C.M. van

doi:10.2166/wst.2011.013

Cited by 45 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Water resources depend on energy, and vice versa (Pereira, 2014). Water and energy cannot be conceived individually if the target is the sustainability of the water cycle (Hofman et al, 2011;Sankaranarayanan et al, 2010). Energy can consider for 60-80% of water transportation and treatment costs and up to 14% of total water utility costs.…”

Section: Water and Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving energetically operational procedures in wastewater treatment plants

Ghernaout¹,

Alshammari²,

Alghamdi³

2018

Int. j. adv. appl. sci.

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Water and wastewater systems are important energy consumers with an evaluated 3%-4% of total U.S. electricity consumption employed for the movement and treatment of water and wastewater. Water-energy problems are of increasing significance in the case of water shortages, more elevated energy and material costs, and a varying climate. In this economic context, it is vital for utilities to manage performances, both in water and energy utilization. Carrying out energy audits (EAs) at water and wastewater treatment facilities is one method community energy managers may recognize favorable occasions to save water, energy and money. In this review, the significance of energy utilization in wastewater facilities is shown by a case study of a process EA performed for Crested Butte, Colorado's wastewater treatment plant. The EA detected favorable occasions for crucial energy savings (ESs) by examining power intensive unit processes like influent pumping, aeration, ultraviolet disinfection, and solids handling. This case study shows best practices that may be easily applied by facility managers in their search for energy and financial savings in water and wastewater treatment. This article aims to ameliorate community energy managers' comprehension of the action that the water and wastewater sector performs in a community's total energy consumption. The energy efficiency roadmaps defined give information on ESs favorable occasions, which may be employed as a fundamental concept for treating energy management objectives with water and wastewater treatment facility managers.

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Section: Water and Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving energetically operational procedures in wastewater treatment plants

Ghernaout¹,

Alshammari²,

Alghamdi³

2018

Int. j. adv. appl. sci.

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“…The activated sludge process has been well studied and state-of-the-art dynamic models and wastewater characterisation methods are widely used (Henze et al, 2000) Currently there is a large focus on decreasing costs and increasing sustainability by minimising net energy usage and recovery of materials (Sutton et al, 2011;Hofman et al, 2011;Verstraete et al, 2009). It is in this light remarkable that behaviour of for instance cellulose fibres in the activated sludge process has been given hardly attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sieving wastewater – Cellulose recovery, economic and energy evaluation

Ruiken¹,

Breuer

Klaversma³

et al. 2013

Water Research

165

132

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“…About 54% of the drinking water that is used in a household is heated and leaves the house at an average temperature of 27 • C: water from bathing and showers has a temperature of approximately 38-40 • C, tap water leaves the house at a temperature of 10-55 • C, and water from the dishwasher and washing machine has a temperature of approximately 40 • C (Roest et al, 2010). Hofman et al (2011) estimate that 40% of the total energy losses in modern Dutch houses are represented by hot wastewater leaving the house. On a yearly base this implies a loss of 8 GJ/house (Van der Hoek, 2012a).…”

Section: Restrictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater as a resource: Strategies to recover resources from Amsterdam’s wastewater

Hoek

Fooij²,

Struker³

2016

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

165

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a b s t r a c tResources are becoming scarce. Therefore, reuse of resources is becoming more and more attractive. Wastewater can be used as a resource, since it contains many resources like organic matter, phosphorus, nitrogen, heavy metals, thermal energy, etc. This study focused on the reuse of organic matter and phosphorus from Amsterdam's wastewater. There is a wide variety of possible alternatives, and the technical options are growing. The problem is not the availability of technology for resource recovery, but the lack of a planning and design methodology to identify and deploy the most sustainable solutions in a given context. To explore alternative, coherent and viable strategies regarding resource recovery from Amsterdam's wastewater chain, the development process of dynamic adaptive policy pathways was used. In the first phase a material flow analysis was made for Amsterdam's wastewater chain and analyzed for water, organic matter and phosphorus. In the second phase measures were identified and characterized. The characterization was based on criteria focusing on changes in material flows, recovered products and implementation horizon. For the Amsterdam case recovered products concerned alginic acid, bioplastic, cellulose, phosphorus and biogas. In the third phase the measures were combined into strategies, which are combinations of measures that focus on a specific goal of resource recovery. For the Amsterdam case this resulted in four strategies: a strategy focusing on production of alginic acid, a strategy focusing on production of bioplastics, a strategy focusing on recovery of cellulose, and a strategy focusing on recovery of phosphorus. Adaptive policymaking showed to be a good approach to deal with the wide variety of possibilities and uncertainties. It resulted in a coherent policy as the resource recovery goals became clear, a flexible policy as the lock-in, no-regret and win-win measures could be identified, and an up-to-date policy as a periodic update is possible that will reveal new chances and risks.

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Water and energy as inseparable twins for sustainable solutions

Cited by 45 publications

References 5 publications

Improving energetically operational procedures in wastewater treatment plants

Improving energetically operational procedures in wastewater treatment plants

Sieving wastewater – Cellulose recovery, economic and energy evaluation

Wastewater as a resource: Strategies to recover resources from Amsterdam’s wastewater

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