Water Absorption Process in Polymer Composites: Theory Analysis and Applications

Melo, Rafaela Q. C.; Santos, Wanessa Raphaella Gomes dos; Lima, Antônio Gilson Barbosa de; Lima, Wanderson Magno Paiva Barbosa de; Silva, J. V.; Farias, Rafael de Paiva

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91062-8_7

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The presence of MAPP increased the impact strength of the composites. This is in line with the literature, where this increase has been related to the strength of the interface of coupled composites [31]. There are no voids all around the fiber, and the matrix totally wets the fiber (Figure 5a).…”

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confidence: 92%

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Impact Properties and Water Uptake Behavior of Old Newspaper Recycled Fibers-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

et al. 2020

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Natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites can be an alternative to mineral fiber-based composites, especially when economic and environment concerns are included under the material selection criteria. In recent years, the literature has shown how lignocellulosic fiber-reinforced composites can be used for a variety of applications. Nonetheless, the impact strength and the water uptake behavior of such materials have been seen as drawbacks. In this work, the impact strength and the water uptake of composites made of polypropylene reinforced with fibers from recycled newspaper have been researched. The results show how the impact strength decreases with the percentage of reinforcement in a similar manner to that of glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites as a result of adding a fragile phase to the material. It was found that the water uptake increased with the increasing percentages of lignocellulosic fibers due to the hydrophilic nature of such reinforcements. The diffusion behavior was found to be Fickian. A maleic anhydride was added as a coupling agent in order to increase the strength of the interface between the matrix and the reinforcements. It was found that the presence of such a coupling agent increased the impact strength of the composites and decreased the water uptake. Impact strengths of 21.3 kJ/m 3 were obtained for a coupled composite with 30 wt % reinforcement contents, which is a value higher than that obtained for glass fiber-based materials. The obtained composites reinforced with recycled fibers showed competitive impact strength and water uptake behaviors in comparison with materials reinforced with raw lignocellulosic fibers. The article increases the knowledge on newspaper fiber-reinforced polyolefin composite properties, showing the competitiveness of waste-based materials.In the case of the ONPF composites, the mixer was operated at 80 rpm and 180 °C . The mixing lasted 178 10 min. The coupled GF-reinforced composites were mixed at 20 rpm due to the fragility of such 179 reinforcements. All the resulting melts were pelletized in a knife mill. Prior to its mold injection, the 180 pellets were dried during 1 h in a stove at 80 °C . 181Standard rectangular specimens measuring 62 × 13 mm, with a thickness of 3.2 mm, in 182 agreement with ASTM D638 [44] were mold injected. The injection molding machine was a Meteor 183 40 by Mateu&Solé (Barcelona, Spain). The machine has three heating areas, which were operated at 184 175, 175, and 190 °C , of which the last was the injection nozzle. The first and second pressures were 185 120 and 37.5 kgf/cm 2 , respectively. At least seven valid specimens for any of the composite 186 formulations were mold injected. Five were devoted to the impact test and two were devoted to water 187 uptake analysis. 188 2.4. Specimens Testing 189 Impact strength was carried out in agreement with the ISO 179-1:2010 standard [45]. Un-notched 190 specimens were placed in a Charpy test equipment Instron Ceast 5.5 Resil by Ceast S.p.a. (Pianezza,

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confidence: 92%

“…The water uptake of natural fiber-reinforced composites has been profusely studied, and the models that govern the water absorption and diffusion are well established [31][32][33]. The literature is interested in the identification of the diffusion behavior, of which Fickian diffusion is the most common [22,24,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Properties and Water Uptake Behavior of Old Newspaper Recycled Fibers-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

et al. 2020

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“…The authors concluded that both the models correctly described the transient evolution of water uptake. Meloetal [23] presented a review of polymeric composites reinforced with vegetable fibers and discussed the problem of moisture absorption in these materials. The authors reported analytical and numerical solutions for Langmuir's modeling using a one-dimensional approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Fickian Moisture Transport in Vegetable-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites Using a Langmuir-Type Model

2020

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The purpose of this article was to theoretically study the non-Fickian moisture absorption process in vegetable-fiber-reinforced polymer composites using a Langmuir-type model. Here, the focus was on evaluating the effect of the water layer thickness that surrounds the composite during the water migration process. The solutions of the governing equations were obtained using the finite volume method, considering constant thermophysical properties and non-deformable material. The results for the local and average moisture content and concentration, gradient values, and the transient rates of the free and bound (water) molecules in the process were presented and analyzed. It was observed that the water layer thickness strongly influenced the water absorption kinetics, the moisture content gradient values, and the equilibrium moisture content inside the material. It is envisaged that this new approach will contribute to better interpretation of experimental data and a better understanding of the physical phenomenon of water absorption, which directly affects the properties of composite materials.

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“…Theoretical studies of water absorption in polymeric composites reinforced with fibers using Langmuir model have been reported in the literature [16,27,28,32,33,34,35,36]. Hereafter, some studies are discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melo et al [32] have reported important information about water absorption process in polymer composites. Emphasis was addressed to Langmuir–type model application in this process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture Absorption in Polymer Composites Reinforced with Vegetable Fiber: A Three-Dimensional Investigation via Langmuir Model

et al. 2019

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This work aims to study numerically the moisture absorption in polymer composite reinforced with vegetable fibers using the Langmuir model which considers the existence of free and entrapped water molecules inside the material. A three-dimensional and transient modeling for describing the water absorption process inside the composite and its numerical solution via finite volume method were presented and discussed. Application has been made for polymer composites reinforced with sisal fiber. Emphasis was given to the effect of the layer thickness of fluid close to the wall of the composite in the progress of water migration. Results of the free and entrapped solute (water) concentration, local moisture content and average moisture content, at different times of process, and inside the composite were presented and analyzed. It was verified that concentration gradients of the molecules (free and entrapped) are higher in the material surface, at any time of the process, and concentration of free solute is greater than the concentration of entrapped solute. It was verified that the water layer thickness surrounding the composite strongly affects the moisture absorption rate.

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Water Absorption Process in Polymer Composites: Theory Analysis and Applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 63 publications

Impact Properties and Water Uptake Behavior of Old Newspaper Recycled Fibers-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

Impact Properties and Water Uptake Behavior of Old Newspaper Recycled Fibers-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

Non-Fickian Moisture Transport in Vegetable-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites Using a Langmuir-Type Model

Moisture Absorption in Polymer Composites Reinforced with Vegetable Fiber: A Three-Dimensional Investigation via Langmuir Model

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