Watching fights raises fish hormone levels

Oliveira, Rui Filipe; Lopes, M.A.P.; Carneiro, Luís Alberto; Canário, Adelino V. M.

doi:10.1038/35054128

Cited by 183 publications

(90 citation statements)

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“…As predicted androgen levels of bystanders raised after observing fights, but not those of bystanders that were observing conspecifics which were prevented from fighting (Oliveira et al, 2001c). Thus, being exposed to a socially unstable environment may affect the androgen levels of males even if they are not directly involved in the social interactions.…”

Section: The Adaptive Value Of Androgen Social Modulation: Androgens mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…This extended prediction should be taken with caution since there may be situations where the increase in population density is accompanied by the expression of mechanisms to avoid aggression. In any case, a positive correlation between density of breeding territories, the number of agonistic interactions and higher levels of androgens has already been demonstrated both in birds and teleosts (birds: Ball and Wingfield, 1987;Beletsky et al, 1990Beletsky et al, , 1992teleosts: Pankhurst and Barnett, 1993;Oliveira et al, 2001c).…”

Section: Androgen Levels Territorial Intrusions and Social Status Acmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In different vertebrate groups, including humans, short-term fluctuations of androgen concentrations have been shown to be related to social interactions (Harding and Follett, 1979;Eberhart et al, 1980;Harding, 1981;Hannes, 1984;Sachser and Prove, 1984;Hannes, 1986;Sapolsky, 1987;Wingfield and Moore, 1987;Booth et al, 1989;Greenberg and Crews, 1990;Cardwell and Liley, 1991;Oliveira et al, 2001c). However, some studies have also demonstrated that in some cases the levels of aggression and the circulating androgen concentrations are seasonally dissociated (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Social modulation of androgen levels in male teleost fish

Oliveira

Hirschenhauser

Carneiro

et al. 2002

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry an

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193

113

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Androgens are classically thought of as the sex steroids controlling male reproduction. However, in recent years evidence has accumulated showing that androgens can also be affected by the interactions between conspecifics, suggesting reciprocal interactions between androgens and behaviour. These results have been interpreted as an adaptation for individuals to adjust their agonistic motivation and to cope with changes in their social environment. Thus, malemale interactions would stimulate the production of androgens, and the levels of androgens would be a function of the stability of its social environment w'challenge hypothesis', Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 56 (1984) 417x. Here the available data on social modulation of androgen levels in male teleosts are reviewed and some predictions of the challenge hypothesis are addressed using teleosts as a study model. We investigate the causal link between social status, territoriality and elevated androgen levels and the available evidence suggests that the social environment indeed modulates the endocrine axis of teleosts. The association between higher androgen levels and social rank emerges mainly in periods of social instability. As reported in the avian literature, in teleosts the trade-off between androgens and parental care is indicated by the fact that during the parental phase breeding males decreased their androgen levels. A comparison of androgen responsiveness between teleost species with different mating and parenting systems also reveals that parenting explains the variation observed in androgen responsiveness to a higher degree than the mating strategy. Finally, the adaptive value of social modulation of androgens and some of its evolutionary consequences are discussed. ᮊ

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Section: The Adaptive Value Of Androgen Social Modulation: Androgens mentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Androgen Levels Territorial Intrusions and Social Status Acmentioning

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social modulation of androgen levels in male teleost fish

Oliveira

Hirschenhauser

Carneiro

et al. 2002

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry an

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193

113

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“…hauser and Oliveira, 2000; lizards: Thompson and Moore, 1992; but see Houck and Woodley, 1995;teleosts: Cardwell and Liley, 1991;Pankhurst and Barnett, 1993;Oliveira et al, 1996Oliveira et al, , 2001cOliveira et al, , 2002mammals: Cavigelli and Pereira, 2000;Nunes et al, 2000; but see Creel et al 1993). Only the change to extremely high paternal investment (i.e., paternal incubation among the altricial passerines) contributed to the evolution of different androgen response rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of male androgen responsiveness to social environment in birds: the effects of mating system and paternal incubation

Hirschenhauser¹,

Winkler²,

Oliveira³

2003

Hormones and Behavior

138

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Male androgen responses to social challenges have been predicted to vary with mating system, male-male aggressiveness, and the degree of paternal investment in birds ("challenge hypothesis," Am. Nat. 136 (1990), 829). This study focused on the interspecific predictions of the challenge hypothesis. Comparative methods were used to control for effects of the phylogenetic relatedness among the sampled species. Male androgen data of 84 bird species were collected from literature records on seasonal androgen patterns. From these, the androgen responsiveness (AR) was calculated as described in the original challenge hypothesis (i.e., maximum physiological level/breeding baseline). Scatterplots of AR versus mating strategy, male-male aggressiveness, and the degree of paternal care confirmed the expected interspecific patterns. When phylogenetic analyses were performed among all of the sampled species, the effects of paternal investment disappeared while the AR remained covarying to a high degree with mating system and male-male aggressiveness. Although these mechanisms may be different at the intraspecific level, this suggests that interspecific differences of AR in male birds may have evolved in response to changes of mating strategies, rather than in response to altered paternal duties. However, control for phylogeny among the subsample of 32 passerine species revealed that if any paternal investment contributed to the observed variance in AR, then the change from "no male incubation" to "male shares incubation duties" represented the most effective, whereas the male's contribution to feeding offspring did not explain the observed variation of AR.

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“…In such social contexts, males possibly modulate their hormonal response to variations in demographic factors. Several laboratory studies have demonstrated that female presence (Moore, 1983;Pinxten et al, 2003), auditory and visual stimuli provided by other males (Small et al, 2008;Wingfield and Wada, 1989), and the visual stimulus of others males fighting (Oliveira et al, 2001) can increase T levels in males. However, few studies, either in the field or in laboratory conditions, have examined whether demographic factors such as population density or sex ratio play a role in regulating T concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social environment affects testosterone level in captive male blue–black grassquits

Lacava

Brasileiro

Maia

et al. 2011

Hormones and Behavior

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The challenge hypothesis proposes that testosterone (T) elevation above what is needed for breeding is associated with social factors, and males possibly modulate their hormonal response to variations in population density and sex ratio. We investigated the role of social environment in altering testosterone levels and aggression in a tropical, seasonally breeding grassquit (Volatinia jacarina). We exposed males to three social conditions during 1 year: all-males treatment (six males), mixed treatment (three males-three females), and paired treatment (one male-one female). We quantified aggressiveness among males and T plasma concentration for each individual in each treatment monthly. We found that more aggressive interactions occurred in the all-males treatment than in the mixed treatment. The data also revealed that, coincident with these behavioral changes, the patterns of T variation through time in each treatment were markedly different. The all-males treatment exhibited an early increase in T concentration, which was sustained for a lengthy period with two distinctive peaks, and subsequently declined sharply. The mixed treatment presented an intermediate pattern, with more gradual increase and decrease in T levels. At the other extreme, the paired treatment presented a later rise in T concentration. We conclude that the more competitive environment, with higher density of males, caused the early and higher elevation in T level, thus the presence of competitors may influence the decision of how much a male should invest in reproduction. We suggest that the male's perception of his social environment ultimately mediates hormonal production and alters his reproductive strategy.

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Watching fights raises fish hormone levels

Cited by 183 publications

References 9 publications

Social modulation of androgen levels in male teleost fish

Social modulation of androgen levels in male teleost fish

Comparative analysis of male androgen responsiveness to social environment in birds: the effects of mating system and paternal incubation

Social environment affects testosterone level in captive male blue–black grassquits

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