Wastewater reuse from hemodialysis section by combination of coagulation and ultrafiltration processes: case study in Saveh-Iran Hospital

Mahdavi, Mokhtar; Mahvi, Amir Hossein; Salehi, Maryam; Sadani, Mohsen; Biglari, Hamed; Tashauoei, Hamid Reza; Ebrahimi, Afshin; Yengejeh, Reza Jalilzadeh; Fatehizadeh, Ali

doi:10.5004/dwt.2020.25799

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Over 31,000 patients were on hemodialysis in Iran in 2020, and for them, the global HWW amount produced for each dialysis session is at least 3720m 3. [2]. Similarly, in our research, a combined EC + EO + AC is proposed for the HWW treatment as a prospective technique to reduce organic load and toxicity from HWW.…”

Section: Progress Towards Zero Waste Fluid In Hemodialysismentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Additionally, the calculated sodium content index was doubtful for both of them according to approved criteria for irrigation water by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). To determine the raw and treated HWW quality, salty water, and RO reject for irrigation purposes, sodium adsorption ratio, SAR [2], calculation of SAR and sodium content was performed using Equations ( 6) and ( 7):…”

Section: Sar Hazard Of Hww For Possible Reuse In Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biggest challenges in providing water quality and quantity to ensure the sustainability of water resources have now begun in the twenty-first century [1]. Depending on specific conditions, technologies, and water shortage priority, several countries use treated industrial, domestic, and agricultural wastewater for many purposes [2]. Since hospital wastewater may contain various minerals and organic nutrients, it can be considered as another source of pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Open literature authors have investigated coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation (CFS), and ultrafiltration (UF) processes [16]. Mahdavi et al reported that removal efficiencies of HWW by a coagulation and ultrafiltration combination led to 96%, 95%, and 54 % turbidity, color, and COD, respectively [2]. Despite these promises, EC, EO, and AC have not yet been proposed for implementation in HWW, whereas environmental consideration of these techniques is relevant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Sequential Combination of Electro-Coagulation/Electro-Oxidation and Adsorption for the Treatment of Hemodialysis Wastewater for Possible Reuse

et al. 2022

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Reusing hemodialysis wastewater (HWW) is more difficult due to its higher conductivity (salinity) and the need for an iterative RO or adsorption process. It can therefore be challenging and technologically laborious. In this context, this study aimed to investigate the possibility of treating HWW by combining electro-coagulation (EC) and electro-oxidation (EO) processes and adsorption as the best technologies to achieve efficient removal of dissolved micropollutants. In this work, the application of electro-coagulation/electro-oxidation processes using, respectively, aluminum and platinum electrodes combined with adsorption onto active carbon to treat HWW was studied. In the EC process, high removal of phosphate ions and chemical oxygen demand (COD) was observed. In the EO process, the COD removal performance, total nitrogen, and Mg were significant and reached 100, 83, and 89%, respectively, after 100 min of treatment. The estimated energies required to treat HWW by EC and/or EO were approximately 0.7 kWh/m3 and 0.05 kWh/m3, respectively. While the EO and EC processes used for COD removal from HWW showed almost similar performances, the EO process seems to consume less energy. Therefore, electrochemical removal of HWW can be successfully performed using the EO process and activated carbon (AC) for the complete removal of COD and the mineralization of pharmaceutical residues. The experimental results showed that the coupling of the three processes (EC–EO–AC) provides treated water that can be reused in agriculture due to its less sodium absorption ratio (SAR) value and might be an alternative method of wastewater treatment responding to the concept of green dialysis.

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Section: Progress Towards Zero Waste Fluid In Hemodialysismentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Sar Hazard Of Hww For Possible Reuse In Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Sequential Combination of Electro-Coagulation/Electro-Oxidation and Adsorption for the Treatment of Hemodialysis Wastewater for Possible Reuse

et al. 2022

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“…In electrical coagulation; however, the separation or precipitation process occurs in the presence of metals and metal hydroxides. Based on the latter technique, the colloid matters in water or wastewater are separated by positive electrical charges, resulting in the production of Al +3 and Fe +3 [13][14][15][16]. If aluminum electrodes are used, the chemical reactions Equations 1 -3 occur in anode, cathode and solution, respectively [17,18].…”

Section: T How To Cite This Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Electro-coagulation Process for Phosphate and Nitrate Removal From Sugarcane Wastewaters

Ebadi

Asareh

Yengejeh

et al. 2021

IJT

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Background: Highly-concentrated phosphate and nitrate anions from sugarcane wastewater are often discharged into public waters without standardized treatments. This study assessed the effects of electrical coagulation, initial pH and reaction time in the removal of phosphate and nitrate pollutants. Methods: We used aluminum electrodes to remove the pollutants at Hakhim Farabi Agricultural and Industrial complex, Khuzestan Province, Iran. A septic tank was used for collecting water samples followed by measuring the pH, and the concentrations of phosphate and nitrate in the samples. The pH was set at 5, 7, 9 or 11. Six aluminum electrodes were placed perpendicular to the water flow and were connected to power in a single-polar method. They were used to assess the effects of pH changes, electrical power at 10 and 30 volts and the water retention time at 15, 30, 45 or 60 min. on the efficiency of the pollutants’ removal. Results: The results indicated that under equal retention time and varying pH values, as voltage increased from 10 to 30, the phosphate and nitrate removal increased progressively. It was further demonstrated that the maximum phosphate removal efficiency was achieved at pH7, while it declined at higher pH levels. The highest possible nitrate removal efficiency was achieved under alkaline pH levels. The overall results showed that at every pH and voltage, the percentage of phosphate and nitrate removal increased over time. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that electro-coagulation process is an appropriate and efficient method to remove phosphate and nitrate pollutants from sugarcane wastewaters.

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Hemodialysis Wastewater Treatment via Electrocoagulation and Electro‐Oxidation: Modular Pilot‐Level Modeling and Simulation

González‐Nava,

Cárdenas Mijangos,

Frausto‐Castillo

et al. 2024

ChemPlusChem

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Hemodialysis treatment in specialized clinics within the same hospital significantly impacts environmental water health due to contaminated wastewater. The issues observed included changes in electrical conductivity, the presence of dangerous bacterial loads, toxicity from heavy metals, total cyanide content, and helminth parasite eggs. The level of damage is dependent on the patient’s health under treatment. This research will use a modular system that employs electrocoagulation and electro‐oxidation processes at the laboratory and pilot levels to treat hemodialysis wastewater using synthetically prepared and real samples extracted from local clinics. The results showed that these hybrid systems improved various physicochemical parameters. With these results and the experimental conditions used, the proposed treatment system was modeled using the GPS‐X program, and it was concluded that the modular system used and the electrocoagulation /electro‐oxidation/activated carbon configuration is suitable for treating wastewater from hemodialysis and that scaling up this process to facilities that have dialysate machines more advanced than those considered in this work is possible.

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Wastewater reuse from hemodialysis section by combination of coagulation and ultrafiltration processes: case study in Saveh-Iran Hospital

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Application of Sequential Combination of Electro-Coagulation/Electro-Oxidation and Adsorption for the Treatment of Hemodialysis Wastewater for Possible Reuse

Application of Sequential Combination of Electro-Coagulation/Electro-Oxidation and Adsorption for the Treatment of Hemodialysis Wastewater for Possible Reuse

Investigation of Electro-coagulation Process for Phosphate and Nitrate Removal From Sugarcane Wastewaters

Hemodialysis Wastewater Treatment via Electrocoagulation and Electro‐Oxidation: Modular Pilot‐Level Modeling and Simulation

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