Wastewater Purification from Permanganate Ions by Sorption on the Ocimum basilicum Leaves Powder Modified by Zinc Chloride

Abstract

The powder of Ocimum Basilicum leaves was treated by zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and applied as a new and low-cost sorbent for extraction of permanganate anions (MnO4−) from liquid phase. The functional groups of the ring stretching vibration, –NH2 deformation, stretching of C-O, stretching of CH, and stretching of –NH were found in the sorbent of zinc chloride Ocimum basilicum leaves powder (ZCOBLP) at 1516.21, 1629.33, 1047.00, 2929.88, and 3294.93 cm−1, respectively. This adsorbent has 8.3 pHZPC, 117.27 m2·g−1 surface area, 0.00711 cc·g−1 pore volume and average pore diameter of 264.144 Å. The outcomes of sorption experiments designate the positive impact for temperature, time of agitation, and started concentration of MnO4− and negative impact for pH. The optimal conditions were 1300 mg·L−1 as started adsorbate concentration, 55°C as solution temperature, agitation time of 420 min, and pH of 1.5. The outcomes of the equilibrium and dynamic approve that this sorption is spontaneous and heat-absorbing process, and the obtained data were described well by isotherm model of Langmuir and 2nd-order dynamic model. The capacities of this sorption were 588.235, 625.000, 666.667, and 714.286 mg·g−1 at 25, 35, 45, and 55 (°C), respectively. The superior sorption capacities of the uncostly ZCOBLP will make it successfully used for MnO4− ions extraction from liquid phases.

Regulating the particle sizes of NaA molecular sieves toward enhanced heavy metal ion adsorption

“…10 is the thermodynamic fitting diagram, and the thermodynamic parameters are shown in Table S6 (ESI†). Δ H was positive for different temperatures and adsorbents, which indicated that the adsorption of Cu( ii ) and Pb( ii ) by NaA molecular sieves is a heat-absorbing process, 50 and the increase of temperature was favorable for the adsorption, which also confirmed our previous conclusions. Δ S indicates the degree of disorder in the adsorption system, and Δ S > 0 indicates that the adsorption process proceeds in the direction of increasing disorder.…”

Employment and performance of modified chitosan for the removal of copper ions and methylene blue in wastewater

“…It was indicating that the samples are typical mesoporous materials according to IUPAC classification, which reflects the occurrence of capillary condensation phenomenon in the pores. [ 50,51 ] These results are inconsistent with the observations obtained from the SEM images.…”

“…[ 56 ] It was demonstrated that the uptake capacity improved with the growing concentration of pollutants because when the concentration increases, the mass transfer resistance between the sorbent and sorbate was decreased which led to a consequential rise in the values of uptake capacity. [ 51,57 ]…”

Tosyl-carrageenan/alginate composite adsorbent for removal of Pb2+ ions from aqueous solutions

“…The rise in Pb 2+ ions removal rate at low initial Pb 2+ ions concentration is caused by the adsorbent surface having enough open active sites. As a result of a lack of active sites on the adsorbent, the adsorption rate slowed down with increasing initial Pb 2+ ions concentration [ 49 ].

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