Waste Water Heat Recovery Systems types and applications: Comprehensive review, critical analysis, and potential recommendations

Design and Long-Term Performance of a Pilot Wastewater Heat Recovery System in a Commercial Kitchen in the Tourism Sector

“…Around 20% of global energy consumption is associated with water heating activities [8]. Approximately 50% of the energy requirements in the commercial and domestic sectors are associated with water heating and steam generation to be used for various heating applications [9]. Water heating in domestic and commercial sectors has a large potential for further optimisation and needs effective management to reduce the overall building sector's heating and energy expenditure.…”

“…According to data estimated on wastewater heat recovery potential, the hospitality sector in the UK alone has a cumulative potential of 1.4 TWh/year [8]. Various technical approaches to WWHR have been proposed, suggesting different methods for thermal recapture from hot wastewater [4,8,9,11,12]. The waste heat recoverability depends on the type of system, point of recovery, wastewater flow rates and temperatures [13][14][15][16].…”

Opportunities and Challenges for Research on Heat Recovery from Wastewater: Bibliometric and Strategic Analyses

“…Wilson and Worrall [15] also noted, using data from England, that the temperature difference between wastewater flowing from the WWTP and river water is increasing annually, so wastewater heat is a growing resource. Considering that waste energy recovery not only has a positive impact on the environment but can also contribute to reducing energy costs [16], more attention should be paid to methods, technologies, and tools enabling the recovery of heat carried by wastewater. However, this process cannot be carried out uncritically without considering the potential consequences of the actions taken.…”

“…Despite the fact that there have been several literature reviews in the field of heat recovery from wastewater in recent years, most of them focus on selected stages of the cycle. For example, Piotrowska and Słyś [40] and Wehbi et al [16] focused on the technical feasibility and profitability of WHRSs in buildings. On the other hand, Culha et al [41] analyzed and classified heat exchangers used in wastewater heat pumps.…”

“…However, this paper was published several years ago, and as a result, it does not take into account the latest achievements in the field of wastewater heat recovery. Considering that new innovative solutions of devices for wastewater heat recovery, as well Energies 2023, 16, 6370 3 of 36 as methods of monitoring and controlling their operation, are constantly being developed, it is necessary to update the knowledge in this field. It should also be noted that the technology of wastewater heat recovery is becoming increasingly popular in recent years, and more and more scientists have decided to undertake research related to it.…”