Waste to wealth: Recovery of value-added products from steel slag

Das, Pallabi; Upadhyay, S.; Dubey, Sudarshan; Singh, K. B.

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2021.105640

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 182 publications

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“…On Malaysian steel, optimized HCl leaching yielded a 77.14% iron extraction. 35 In addition to this chlorination, another technique is used for metal resurrection. Remarkably, these procedures leave a soluble FeCl 3 -rich residue which may be utilized as a possible sorbent for wastewater treatment.…”

Section: Iron Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Precious Metal Recovery from Steel Industry Slag: Recovery Strategy and Utilization

Samanta

Das

Dhara

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Steel slag is a solid waste of the steel industry, produced during steel production. Three types of slag, namely electric arc furnace (EAF), basic oxygen furnace (BOF), and Linz-Donawitz processed slag (LD-slag) are the steel industry byproducts. That slag comprises precious elements including zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), silicon (Si) , aluminum (Al), and vanadium (V) and is considered a secondary source of many metals. These metal constituents can be recovered from slags by employing mineral processing techniques like crushing, grinding, magnetic separation, eddy current separation, flotation, leaching, and/or roasting. Metal extraction from steelmaking slag and slag utilization is essential not only for conserving metal supplies but also for environmental protection. This review article evaluated and summarized various extraction methods including magnetic separation, roasting, pyrometallurgical method, hydrometallurgical and bio hydrometallurgical technique to recover precious metal constituents from obtained slag. The state-of-the-art of metal recovery from slag using the aforementioned methodologies and the merits, and demerits of each procedure have been illustrated comprehensively. Suggestions have been made to overcome the shortfall and or lacuna of the technology for better performance and efficiency. The opportunities and difficulties portion of this article paints a vivid picture of turning such a beneficial technology into a more adaptable procedure with some additions that may motivate and lead future research in new directions. The essence of this survey indicates that extracted metal and treated slag might be reutilized in various fields ranging from biomedical to fertilizer applications.

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Section: Iron Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Precious Metal Recovery from Steel Industry Slag: Recovery Strategy and Utilization

Samanta

Das

Dhara

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…[24] However, a significant amount of the slag waste created is employed as a raw material in the building and road construction sectors. [25,26] Nevertheless, vast portions of generated waste are still used for landfills or disposal sites. In addition, industries incur high costs in handling waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological performance evaluation of slag waste filled phenolic composites for automotive braking applications

Rajan

Tyagi

Pruncu³

et al. 2022

Polymer Composites

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Slag waste‐filled phenolic resin‐based automotive brake friction composites were formulated, fabricated, followed by mechanical, physical characterization, and tribo‐evaluation. According to economic commission for Europe regulation, the tribological performance of the composites was evaluated on a Krauss friction‐testing machine. The increase in slag waste content led to increased physical properties such as density, porosity, ash contents, and compressibility, whereas hardness, acetone extraction, and shear strength increased with increased phenolic resin content. The fade and friction performance has been observed to be highly dependent on the slag waste content, that is, both followed a consistent decrease with the increase in the phenolic resin content, whereas the frictional fluctuations have been observed to decrease with the increase in slag waste content. In particular, the composites containing 65 wt% slag waste and 5 wt% phenolic resin showed the highest friction coefficient (0.406), lowest fade (20.44%) and frictional fluctuation (0.209), but the wear (10.80 g) and disc temperature rise (618°C) remains highest. Composite with the lowest slag waste content of 50 wt% combined with the highest phenolic resin of 20 wt% showed higher recovery performance (120.63%), lowest wear (4.45 g) and disc temperature rise (536°C), but exhibits lowest friction coefficient (0.315) and friction stability (0.79) along with highest friction variability (0.60) and fluctuations (0.238). Friction and wear data analysis revealed the predominance of the fade factor for friction performance while the fade factor and disc temperature‐induced results significantly influence the wear performance. The worn surface micrograph showed higher phenolic resin‐filled composites form smooth contact plateaus that successfully reduced wear.

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“…The characteristics of steel slag depend on the steel-making process [2]. It is characterized by rich free calcium oxide/magnesium, low gelling performance, high heavy metals and poor volume stability [3][4][5]. It is industrial solid waste, and its generation rate is about 12%-20%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of neutral activator on properties of steel slag powder-cement composite cementitious material

2022

IJM

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In this paper, the physical and mechanical properties of TISCO steel slag were tested by different ratios of composite activators. The optimal neutral composite activator was determined, and the properties of neutral activated steel slag power-cement composite cementitious material with 30% cement content were studied. The experimental results indicated that the best ratio of gypsum: silica fume: sodium sulfate: sodium aluminate: selfmade activator was 2.5:2.5:1:0.5:0.5. Through XRD, SEM and TG-DTG detection, less stable periclase was found at 30% cement content and activated steel slag slurry. After 28d curing, the micro morphology and compactness of hydration products were not different from those of cement, and there were even no incompletely hydrated particles. The voids between hydration products and the interface of different hydration products were continuously filled with hydration products over age. C-S-H and AFt generated by 7d activated SSP cement composite powder was greater than those of cement. At 28d, a small amount of Ca(OH)2 was generated. The results show that the combination of self-made neutral activator and other activators can improve the properties of cement steel slag powder composite cementitious material and improve the utilization rate of steel slag.

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Waste to wealth: Recovery of value-added products from steel slag

Cited by 38 publications

References 182 publications

An Overview of Precious Metal Recovery from Steel Industry Slag: Recovery Strategy and Utilization

An Overview of Precious Metal Recovery from Steel Industry Slag: Recovery Strategy and Utilization

Tribological performance evaluation of slag waste filled phenolic composites for automotive braking applications

Effect of neutral activator on properties of steel slag powder-cement composite cementitious material

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