Waste Stabilization Pond (WSP) for wastewater treatment: A review on factors, modelling and cost analysis

Mahapatra, Saswat; Samal, Kundan; Dash, Rajesh Roshan

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114668

Cited by 49 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Other types of wastewater treatment technologies, such as pilot-scale enhanced pond and wetland, removed 65 to 95% of nutrients [54]. The removal of nitrogen in WSPs is accomplished by the denitrification mechanism with the aid of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, methanotrophs, and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Assessment of Natural Wastewater Treatment Plants by Multivariate Statistical Models: A Case Study

Gad

Abdo

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) as natural wastewater treatment plants are commonly utilized for wastewater treatment due to their simple design, low cost, and low-skilled operator requirements. Large-scale studies assessing the performance of WSPs using multivariate statistical models are scarce. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the performance of 16 full-scale WSPs regarding physicochemical parameters, algae, bacterial indicators, and pathogens (e.g., Cryptosporidium, Entamoeba histolytica) by using multivariate statistical models. The principal component analysis revealed that the chemical pollutants were removed significantly (p < 0.001) through the treatment stages of 16 WSPs, indicating that the treatment stages made a substantial change in the environmental parameters. The non-multidimensional scale analysis revealed that the treatment stages restructured the bacterial indicators significantly (p < 0.001) in the WSPs, implying that the bacterial indicators were removed with the progress of the treatment processes. The algal community exhibited a distinct pattern between the geographical location (i.e., upper WSPs versus lower WSPs) and different treatment stages (p < 0.001). Four out of the sixteen WSPs did not comply with the Egyptian ministerial decree 48/1982 for discharge in agriculture drainage; three of these stations are in lower Egypt (M.K., Al-Adlia, and Ezbet El-Borg), and one is in upper Egypt (Armant). The continuous monitoring of WSPs for compliance with regulatory guidelines with the aid of multivariate statistical models should be routinely performed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Assessment of Natural Wastewater Treatment Plants by Multivariate Statistical Models: A Case Study

Gad

Abdo

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…Organic matter in wastewater streams is oxidized in an algal-bacterial symbiosis system in WSPs where the algal biomass growth results in consuming CO 2 and sunlight and subsequently increasing oxygen concentration through the photosynthesis. Producing more oxygen by algae would enable bacteria to breakdown more amount of organic matter and results in accomplishing wastewater treatment in the WSPs (Mahapatra et al 2022). They also reported that Chlorella, Euglena, Scenedermus, and Microcystis are the predominant algae species found in the WSP systems.…”

Section: Open Pondsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Algal biomass dual roles in phycoremediation of wastewater and production of bioenergy and value-added products

Razaviarani

Arab

Lerdwanawattana

et al. 2022

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Algal biomass has been gaining attention over the last decades as it is versatile and can be used in different industries, such as wastewater treatment and bioenergy industries. Microalgae are mixotrophic microorganisms that have potential to utilize nitrogen and phosphate (nutrients) and remove organic matters from wastewater streams. Phycoremediation is an intriguing and cost-efficient technique to simultaneously remove heavy metals from wastewater while removing nutrients and organic matters. The cultivated and produced algal biomass can be a promising candidate and a sustainable feedstock to produce biofuels (e.g., biodiesel, bio-alcohol, and bio-oil) and value-added products such as biochar, glycerol, functional food, and pigments. The algae suspended cultivation systems, WSP and HRAP, are efficient methods for the wastewater treatment in shallow ponds with no mechanical aeration and less required energy consumption, but when a short HRT and minimum evaporation losses are key points in the algal cultivation the PBRs are recommended. It was reported that biosorption and bioaccumulation are the two promising techniques of phycoremediation. Studies showed that among the current processes of algal biomass conversion to biofuels, transesterification of algal lipids and pyrolysis of algal biomass were found to be the most efficient techniques. This review paper investigates the applications of algal biomass in the phycoremediation of wastewater, productions of bioenergy and value-added products by reviewing articles mainly published over the last five years. Graphical abstract

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“…The system in water stabilization ponds (WSP) transforms dissolved P into solid forms via biological assimilation, adsorption, and precipitation. Effective phosphorus removal in water stabilization ponds often involves a combination of multiple pathways, including physical, chemical, and biological processes (Mahapatra et al 2022). The synergistic interaction of these pathways enhances the overall efficiency of reducing phosphorus concentrations in wastewater.…”

Section: Phosphorus Removal Pathways In Water Stabilization Pondsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An insight into potential phosphate bioremediation and renewable energy from agricultural waste via integrated wastewater treatment systems in Indonesia

Asih,

Handayani,

Ananda

et al. 2024

Environ. Res. Commun.

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Indonesia is renowned as an agricultural powerhouse, ranking first globally in oil palm production. This prominence in agriculture leads to the consistent generation of agro-industrial waste, notably Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). Effectively addressing these waste concerns is important due to their adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystems and the nation's health and economy. Anthropogenic wastewater with excessive phosphorus content can trigger eutrophication and toxic algal blooms, posing environmental risks and potentially precipitating a future clean water crisis. Thus, a comprehensive approach is necessary to restore the environment and biogeochemical cycles. Treatment efforts involving bioremediation agents aim to recycle organic and inorganic pollutants in the environment. Photosynthetic organisms like plants and microalgae serve as effective bioremediation agents, capable of absorbing excess phosphorus. They can utilize phosphate as an energy source to boost biomass. Integrating these bioremediation agents with bioengineering technology optimizes the treatment efficacy while simultaneously producing valuable biomass for products and bioenergy. This review article explores photosynthetic organisms' multifunctional role as phosphorus bioremediation agents for wastewater treatment, minimizing environmental pollutant impacts, and providing biomass for fertilizers, polymers, bioplastics, and renewable energy. Furthermore, this study unveils opportunities for future technological advancements in this field.

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Waste Stabilization Pond (WSP) for wastewater treatment: A review on factors, modelling and cost analysis

Cited by 49 publications

References 99 publications

Performance Assessment of Natural Wastewater Treatment Plants by Multivariate Statistical Models: A Case Study

Performance Assessment of Natural Wastewater Treatment Plants by Multivariate Statistical Models: A Case Study

Algal biomass dual roles in phycoremediation of wastewater and production of bioenergy and value-added products

An insight into potential phosphate bioremediation and renewable energy from agricultural waste via integrated wastewater treatment systems in Indonesia

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