Waste Minimization in Batch Vessel Cleaning

Perka, Alan T.; Grant, Christine S.; Overcash, Michael

doi:10.1080/00986449308936114

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…The determination of remaining contaminant after cleaning may include: a direct measurement of the amount left on the surface, or an assessment of a physical property of the surface related to the amount of contaminant remaining (Corrieu, 1981;Jennings, 1963;Kulkarni et al, 1975;Plett, 1985). The amount of contaminant removed may be determined by analyzing the effluent (Perka et al, 1993). The main limitation to these techniques is that the experiments are often either discontinuous or invasive in nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of oil films from stainless steel tubes

1997

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The removal of oil films from the inner surface of a stainless steel tube cell using aqueous cleaning solutions was studied. The two oils used in the cleaning experiments, Sunquench 1042 and heavy mineral oil, contained P32 labeled tributyl phosphate (TBP) as a radioactive tracer. The β‐ particles emitted from the radioactive TBP were detected by a CaF2 scintillator and used as a measure of the amount of oil remaining in the tube cell. Cleaning experiments performed at different flow rates, surface treatment, and surfactant concentrations indicated that initially the oil films were removed rapidly. At the end of the experiments, the oil removal rate reduced significantly, eventually becoming negligible. The stainless steel morphology affected oil removal significantly, and the rougher tube tended to retard the oil removal. The rate and extent of the decontamination were significantly increased in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, a nonionic surfactant. Experimental data were compared to a hydrodynamic model based on the removal of a liquid contaminant from a solid surface by an immiscible fluid. The model deviated from the experimental data due to the presence of instabilities at the oil‐water interface.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of oil films from stainless steel tubes

1997

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“…Recycling of CIP solutions is widely practiced, while emphases on waste minimization [23] and the use of aqueous cleaners are driving interest in alternative strategies (e.g., enzymes [24] or green chemistry [25]) and the optimization of cleaning cycles. Another strategy attracting attention is the search for CIP solutions that operate effectively at similar temperature conditions to the process, thereby reducing the time taken to implement a CIP cycle, simplifying operations, and likely reducing energy consumption.…”

Section: Cleaningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Cleaning: Recent Developments and Future Prospects

Wilson

2005

Heat Transfer Engineering

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“…The fouling and cleaning of stainless steel surfaces is a large problem in food processing. These fouled surfaces lead to increased costs due to energy losses, maintenance, additional heat transfer surface area and process downtime (Perka et al 1993). Sandu and Singh (1991) report that the cost of cleaning agents to remove milk deposits in pasteurization plants in the fluid milk industry is over 20 million dollars per year.…”

Section: Introduction Cleaning Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Noninvasive Study of Milk Cleaning Processes: Calcium Phosphate Removal

Grant

Webb

Jeon

1997

J Food Process Engineering

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High temperature, high pH milk processing results in the formation of mineral rich deposits that are > 70% mineral and < 30% protein by weight. This research investigates the removal of P32 labeled mixtures of calcium phosphate dihydrate (brushite, CaHPO4–2H2O) and hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH) from stainless steel tubes using a solid scintillation technique. Experiments were performed at pH values ranging from 2.86–7.82 and flow rates from 3.8–11.4 L/min. Previous cleaning models are reviewed and a mass transfer model is proposed which, when compared to the experimental results suggests that film removal is due to both dissolution and mechanical effects due to shear stress. A modified first order model is presented which incorporates the effects of the solvent flow rate and pH on decontamination rates. This first order model is in agreement with the experimental results over the range of pH and flow rates investigated.

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Waste Minimization in Batch Vessel Cleaning

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Removal of oil films from stainless steel tubes

Removal of oil films from stainless steel tubes

Challenges in Cleaning: Recent Developments and Future Prospects

A Noninvasive Study of Milk Cleaning Processes: Calcium Phosphate Removal

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