Waste Input to Landfills

Cerminara, Giulia; Cossu, Raffaello

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407721-8.00002-4

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…and non-inert waste (e.g., vegetation, timber, etc.) [ 31 ]. Transporting weight is the net weight of the construction waste transported by CWHTs.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Freight Characteristics and Carbon Emission of Construction Waste Hauling Trucks: Big Data Analytics of Hong Kong

Wei

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Unlike their counterparts that are used for container or municipal solid waste hauling, or their peers of taxies and other commercial vehicles, construction waste hauling trucks (CWHTs) are heterogeneous in that they transport construction waste from construction sites to designated disposal facilities. Depending on the intensity of the construction activities, there are many CWHTs in operation, imposing massive impacts on a region’s transportation system and natural environment. However, such impacts have rarely been documented. This paper has analyzed CWHTs’ freight characteristics and their carbon emission by harnessing a big dataset of 112,942 construction waste transport trips in Hong Kong in May 2015. It has been observed that CWHTs generate 4,544 daily trips with 307.64 tons CO2-eq emitted on working days, and 553 daily trips emitting 28.78 tons CO2-eq on non-working days. Freight carbon emission has been found to be related to the vehicle type, transporting weight, and trip length, while the trip length is the most influential metric to carbon emission. This research contributes to the understanding of freight characteristics by exploiting a valuable big dataset and providing important benchmarking metrics for monitoring the effectiveness of policy interventions related to construction waste transportation planning and carbon emission.

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“…and non-inert waste (e.g., vegetation, timber, etc.) [ 31 ]. Transporting weight is the net weight of the construction waste transported by CWHTs.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Freight Characteristics and Carbon Emission of Construction Waste Hauling Trucks: Big Data Analytics of Hong Kong

Wei

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The most noticeable problem associated with large tire storage areas is the potential fire hazards they present [14]. With regard to the use of this material in geotechnical works, the ASTM D6270 standard provides recommendations on the thickness of the ELTs layers depending on the physical characteristics of the particle used.…”

Section: Assumptions and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several investigations carried out in USA since 1989 about the long-term safety of the implementation of ELTs in engineering works, included in the ASTM D 6270 standard [26], have shown that most of the components present in the field study show lower percentages than required by the standards. In addition, most of the substances that could potentially leach from ELTs are naturally present in low percentages in the groundwater [14,44].…”

Section: Assumptions and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major issue related to the large areas of tyre storage involves their high flammability and potential risks for the environment and human health [11][12][13]. Disease-carrying mosquitoes can find a breeding ground [14] in the storage of tyres. In order to find solutions to the environmental problems and health threats caused by tyre waste, those countries with the largest industries have a legal framework for its management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Granulated Rubber Tyre Waste as Lightweight Backfill Material for Retaining Walls

et al. 2021

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The use of industrial waste in civil engineering applications constitutes a potential innovative effort to reduce environmental degradation and enable a sustainable use of natural resources. This paper reports a comprehensive laboratory study that was performed to evaluate the rubber granulates from End-of-Life Tyres (ELTs) as a lightweight backfill material in retaining walls. Various tests have been performed to provide specific information on the mechanical and physical properties of a detailed range of particle sizes smaller than 12 mm, with six different particle size distributions (S1: 0.0–0.8 mm/S2: 0.6–2.0 mm/S3: 2.0–4.0 mm/S4: 2.0–7.0 mm/S5: 90% 2.0–7.0 mm + 10% 0.6–2.0 mm/S6: 50% 2.0–7.0 mm + 50% 0.6–2.0 mm). The density and unit weight, compaction energy, compressibility, shear strength, and deformability have been evaluated to determine their performance. As a main conclusion, the research confirms that rubber granulates from ELTs possess great potential as backfill material behind retaining walls. The characteristic values of the geotechnical parameters have been estimated according to Eurocode 7. The friction angle results range from 18.27 to 23.21 degrees, and the cohesion results are wide-ranging, with values from 9.35 to 17.83 kPa. For this reason, two cantilever L-shaped retaining walls, selected as representative case studies, have been tested with these sample properties. The results of the geotechnical verifications are presented together with a comparison of the safety factors in accordance with the Spanish standard design (CTE-DB-SE-C) and the European (EC7-1) regulations. The calculations indicate that the overdesign factors (ODF) achieved in the verifications using the material properties of the S4, S5, and S6 combination improve the calculation results obtained if a conventional filler material such as sand is considered.

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“…Construction is one of the industries that generates a significant amount of waste, accounting for 25-30% by weight of total industrial waste [4]. In countries of the European Union, the construction sector produces approximately 800 million tonnes of construction and demolition waste (CDW) annually [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Construction- and Demolition-Waste-Based Geopolymers

et al. 2022

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Construction and demolition waste (CDW) is the third-most abundant waste generated annually in the countries of the European Union. One of the alternatives to the use of these wastes is geopolymeric materials. Partial replacement of commonly used raw materials for the production of these materials can help reduce the number of landfills and the consumption of natural resources. In this study, the authors partially replaced metakaolin and fly ash with clay bricks and concrete debris. The research method in article is connected with analysis of microstructures and the mechanical and physical properties of the geopolymers. The results obtained show the possibility of manufacturing useful construction materials based on industrial byproducts (fly ash) and CDW. Compressive strength and flexural strength were, for samples containing metakaolin, 20.1 MPa and 5.3 MPa, respectively. Geopolymers containing fly ash displayed 19.7 MPa of compressive strength and 3.0 MPa of flexural strength. The results for both synthesized materials give them perspectives for future applications in the construction industry.

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Waste Input to Landfills

Cited by 15 publications

References 56 publications

Analyzing the Freight Characteristics and Carbon Emission of Construction Waste Hauling Trucks: Big Data Analytics of Hong Kong

Analyzing the Freight Characteristics and Carbon Emission of Construction Waste Hauling Trucks: Big Data Analytics of Hong Kong

Use of Granulated Rubber Tyre Waste as Lightweight Backfill Material for Retaining Walls

Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Construction- and Demolition-Waste-Based Geopolymers

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