Waste heat recoveries in data centers: A review

Yuan, Xiaolei; Liang, Yumin; Hu, Xinyi; Xu, Yizhe; Chen, Yongbao; Kosonen, Risto

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2023.113777

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The waste heat can be utilized for heating nearby buildings using advanced technologies like heat pumps and heat exchangers, or for generating power through advanced heat power generation technology like organic Rankine cycle (ORC). 110 Refrigeration technologies, such as absorption and adsorption refrigeration, utilize steam extraction or waste heat from thermal power plants or industrial processes close to DC to simultaneously fulfill a portion of the cooling requirements for DCs. Essentially, such incorporation of prosumer models based on waste heat recovery enables energy cascade utilization and enhances the system energy efficiency of DC-IES, and relevant technological pathways are depicted in Figure 7.…”

Section: Flexible Interactions Between Computing Network and Heating ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Data center integrated energy system for sustainability: Generalization, approaches, methods, techniques, and future perspectives

Wang,

Han,

Shen

et al. 2024

The Innovation Energy

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<p>The increasing prominence of data centers (DCs) in the global digital economy has raised concerns about energy consumption and carbon emissions. Simultaneously, the rapid advancement of integrated energy systems (IES) has enabled DCs to efficiently harness clean energy and waste heat, contributing to sustainability. A concept of data center integrated energy system (DC-IES) is introduced in this paper, and its generalization, approaches, methods, techniques, and future perspectives are scrutinized on the utilization of renewable energy, recovery of waste heat, construction of producer and consumer and diversity of system architecture, as well as optimization solutions in DC-IES planning and design. The evaluation indicators and optimization objectives of DC-IES are also discussed from perspectives of energy, water, economy, environment and reliability. Furthermore, innovative models are proposed for DC-IES to actively engage in the interaction between computing networks and power grids as well as heating networks respectively, while also emphasizing their associated research through the technical principles, participating elements and benefit impacts. It reveals that the integration of non-interactive workloads in the computing network, along with the utilization of flexible resources from diesel generators and uninterruptible power supply, as well as the implementation of waste heat recovery technologies such as heat pumps and absorption refrigeration systems, will significantly enhance the planning and operation of DC-IES. Finally, a series of challenges and future perspectives related to the reliability and cost-effectiveness encountered in the optimization of DC-IES are revealed.</p>

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Section: Flexible Interactions Between Computing Network and Heating ...mentioning

confidence: 99%