Waste-Free Technologys for the Production of Biofuels From Agricultural Waste as a Component of Energy Security of Enterprises

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the economic efficiency of the use of waste-free technologies in the agro-industrial complex to achieve the energy and environmental safety of the branch. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was formed by the results of fundamental national and foreign research on the problems of agro-industrial production. The subject of scientific work is the theoretical, methodological and practical foundations of the current state of development of waste-free technologies in Ukraine. The research was based on the following methods: a systematic approach – for study the links between phenomena and processes of subjects of waste-free agro-industrial production; dialectical – for consider phenomena in their relationship and development, in particular when considering the processes of combination, specialization, concentration, cooperation in the organization of waste-free agro-industrial production; theoretical generalization and comparison – for the development of the conceptual apparatus; various techniques of the economic and statistical method (statistical observation, comparison, tabular, graphical) – for the development of a visual illustration of the phenomena under study; abstract-logical – to summarize research results and formulate research conclusions. The monograph substantiates the relevance and potential of introducing waste-free production technologies, the introduction of which will significantly reduce the cost of production and increase the profitability indicator, stimulate the development of autonomous entrepreneurship, and improve the state of the country’s environmental and energy security. The dynamics of the volume of generated and utilized agricultural waste in Ukraine in 2017–2020 has been analyzed and it was determined that no more than 30% of waste is disposed of, the share of which has been rapidly decreasing in recent years. It has been substantiated that the most promising direction for introducing waste-free technologies at agricultural enterprises is the production of biogas from organic waste (agrobiomass). It is noted that agricultural waste, mainly animal waste, such as manure, chicken droppings, can be an additional source of replenishing the energy balance of agricultural enterprises and ensuring the energy security of the region. Recycling organic waste from production and consumption in a biogas plant is an economically and environmentally optimal solution. At the same time, the products formed as a result of waste disposal (biogas, digestat) help to solve the problem of meeting the need for certain categories of material resources, namely energy and fertilizers, which will increase production volumes, provided that the use of natural resources decreases. The study is based on the main tasks of the research work of young scientists “Development of a new concept for the use of agricultural waste to ensure the energy autonomy of agricultural enterprises”, state registration number 0119U100786.