Waste and material flow analysis in the end-of-life wind energy system

Tazi, Nacef; Kim, Junbeum; Bouzidi, Youcef; Châtelet, Éric; Liu, Gang

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.02.039

Cited by 65 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In another study, the consequence of storage time for 6 months in cold and old-style storerooms on garlic was examined. Affording to the results, with increasing storage time, the ratio of weight loss of samples enlarged and in cold warehouses these changes were less than traditional warehouses (Tazi, Kim, Bouzidi, Chatelet, & Liu, 2019).…”

Section: Effect Of Dosage On Dehydration Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Investigation of ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiation on dehydration kinetics: A case study of apple slices

Mohammad‐Razdari

Ebrahimi

Zarein

et al. 2021

J Food Process Engineering

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Little research has been done on the effects of irradiation on dehydration kinetics of dried fruit in recent decades. Hot air drying is a convenience method frequently used for dehydration and moisture removal in products, such as fruits and vegetables. However, there are some disadvantages to using hot air dryers that often lead to the production of dried products with inferior quality due to its low drying efficiency. The present research aims to investigate the hot air dryer performance and presents a new strategy to improve dried bio‐products quality using gamma irradiation as a drying pretreatment. The effects of irradiation dosage (control, 0.5, 2, and 5 kGy) and air temperature (50, 65, and 80°C) on the dehydration rate, moisture ratio, activation energy, and diffusion coefficient of dried apple slices were investigated. The results showed that different dose 0.5, 2, and 5 kg decreased moisture content average 35, 21, and 11%, respectively. Also, by decreasing dehydration temperature, moisture content decreased to 42, 31, and 25%, respectively. The effective diffusivity values at different temperatures increased by increasing the irradiation dosage (control, 0.5, 2, and 5 kg increased to 12, 17, 29, and 43% respectively), and vice versa for the activation energy.Practical ApplicationsIrradiation is one of the few food technologies that can maintain food quality and address food safety and security problems without significantly affecting a food's sensory or nutritional attributes. The destructive effect of 60Co γ‐ray irradiation on interior tissue of some fruit and vegetables may change product structure to some extent. These kinds of structural changes can affect the drying kinetics, dehydration rate, moisture ratio, activation energy, and diffusion coefficient. Therefore, the investigation of hot‐air drying kinetics of apple slices pretreated by 60Co γ‐ray was required to improve the product quality. Additionally, it can cause a reduction in drying quality and improve the product characteristics during the drying process.

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Section: Effect Of Dosage On Dehydration Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Investigation of ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiation on dehydration kinetics: A case study of apple slices

Mohammad‐Razdari

Ebrahimi

Zarein

et al. 2021

J Food Process Engineering

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“…This section assesses current UK practices regarding the end of life waste management processes for each of the materials identified in this study. The findings have been used to inform the development of a baseline scenario for each material, as was demonstrated within LCAs conducted by Haapala and Prempreeda [21], Martínez et al [29], Vestas [35], Chipindula et al [49], and Tazi et al [50]. A scientific attempt has been made to ensure the baseline scenarios are as accurate as possible regarding specificity to the UK and the specific applications of these materials within wind turbines, while also aligning with the literature as much as is reasonably possible.…”

Section: End Of Life Wind Turbines-current Practice In the Ukmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steel and iron are infinitely recyclable and are easy to recover as both materials are magnetic [50]. Although, due to the addition of other elements depending on intended use, and impurities added during the scrapping and recycling processes, steel purity generally decreases each time it is recycled.…”

Section: Steel or Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, steel or iron waste generated prior to the 2020-2025 period, before any waste is generated through offshore turbine decommissioning, will likely have a slightly lower recovery rate than the 90% assumed within the literature. Monopile foundations can extend 10-20 m below the seabed according to the Danish Wind Industry Association [54] and during decommissioning are cut off a few meters below the seabed [50][51][52][53][54]. Depending on sea depth, this could also result in a large proportion of the monopile foundation being landfilled, which could represent greater than 10% of the overall steel or iron weight.…”

Section: Steel or Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Copper is one of the most valuable metals for recycling as demand is high and it can be recycled and reused indefinitely, without losing any performance qualities [50]. Furthermore, recycling requires up to 85% less energy than primary copper production [59].…”

Section: Coppermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resource and waste quantification scenarios for wind turbine decommissioning in the United Kingdom

Tota-Maharaj

McMahon

2020

Waste Dispos. Sustain. Energy

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Wind power produces more electricity than any other form of renewable energy in the United Kingdom (UK) and plays a key role in decarbonisation of the grid. Although wind energy is seen as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, there are still several environmental impacts associated with all stages of the lifecycle of a wind farm. This study determined the material composition for wind turbines for various sizes and designs and the prevalence of such turbines over time, to accurately quantify waste generation following wind turbine decommissioning in the UK. The end of life stage is becoming increasingly important as a rapid rise in installation rates suggests an equally rapid rise in decommissioning rates can be expected as wind turbines reach the end of their 20–25-year operational lifetime. Waste data analytics were applied in this study for the UK in 5-year intervals, stemming from 2000 to 2039. Current practices for end of life waste management procedures have been analysed to create baseline scenarios. These scenarios have been used to explore potential waste management mitigation options for various materials and components such as reuse, remanufacture, recycling, and heat recovery from incineration. Six scenarios were then developed based on these waste management options, which have demonstrated the significant environmental benefits of such practices through quantification of waste reduction and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions savings. For the 2015–2019 time period, over 35 kilotonnes of waste are expected to be generated annually. Overall waste is expected to increase over time to more than 1200 kilotonnes annually by 2039. Concrete is expected to account for the majority of waste associated with wind turbine decommissioning initially due to foundations for onshore turbines accounting for approximately 80% of their total weight. By 2035–2039, steel waste is expected to account for almost 50% of overall waste due to the emergence of offshore turbines, the foundations of which are predominantly made of steel.

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Resorcinol‐Derived Vitrimers and Their Flax Fiber‐Reinforced Composites Based on Fast Siloxane Exchange

Debsharma

Engelen

Baere

et al. 2023

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Natural fiber‐reinforced composites are gaining increased interest for their significantly reduced carbon footprint compared to conventional glass or carbon fiber‐based counterparts. In this study, natural fibers are used in a resorcinol‐based epoxy resin that is thermally reshapable at higher temperatures (>180 °C) by using fast exchanging siloxane bonds, catalyzed by 1,5,7‐triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene. Stress relaxation times of only about 6 s at 220 °C can be reached. A resorcinol‐based epoxy compound is selected because it can be derived from cellulose, opening ways for more sustainable and reshapable composite materials. In a last step of the research, the low viscosity vitrimer formulation (<200 mPa s) is applied to make a flax fiber‐reinforced composite using an industrially relevant vacuum‐assisted resin infusion process. A section of this composite is successfully reshaped, which allows for envisioning a second life for natural fiber‐reinforced composites.

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Waste and material flow analysis in the end-of-life wind energy system

Cited by 65 publications

References 35 publications

Investigation of ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiation on dehydration kinetics: A case study of apple slices

Investigation of ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiation on dehydration kinetics: A case study of apple slices

Resource and waste quantification scenarios for wind turbine decommissioning in the United Kingdom

Resorcinol‐Derived Vitrimers and Their Flax Fiber‐Reinforced Composites Based on Fast Siloxane Exchange

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Waste and material flow analysis in the end-of-life wind energy system

Cited by 65 publications

References 35 publications

Investigation of 60Co gamma irradiation on dehydration kinetics: A case study of apple slices

Investigation of 60Co gamma irradiation on dehydration kinetics: A case study of apple slices

Resource and waste quantification scenarios for wind turbine decommissioning in the United Kingdom

Resorcinol‐Derived Vitrimers and Their Flax Fiber‐Reinforced Composites Based on Fast Siloxane Exchange

Contact Info

Product

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Investigation of ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiation on dehydration kinetics: A case study of apple slices

Investigation of ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiation on dehydration kinetics: A case study of apple slices