Washing, Spraying and Brushing. A Comparison of Paper Deacidification by Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles

Wojciak, A.

doi:10.1515/nano.0039.2014-0010

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The EDX maps indicate that all constituent elements (Ca, P, and O) were uniformly distributed on the book paper surface layer (Figure 2f). There is an uniform distribution of all elements, both in the multi-color distribution map (Figure 2f) and in the individual maps of each element [29].…”

Section: Sem Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

“…MgO and ZnO nanoparticles have been also used to preserve heritage paper due to their alkalinity and anti-cellulase activity, inhibiting the cellulases of two cellulolytic fungi and avoiding the degradation of the paper [22][23][24][25][26]. Instead of the previously used Ca(OH) 2 and Mg(OH) 2 nanoparticles [27][28][29], with the side effect of air carbonation [22,30,31], hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) nanoparticle dispersions in hydroalcoholic suspensions applied on paper by spraying, brushing, or by impregnation by dipping lead to good results for the restoration of old books [32][33][34]. Although the testing of these nanoparticles has been conducted in our previous work, both in terms of chemical consolidation and microbiological disinsertion, the mechanical properties and morphology of the treated surfaces have not been investigated to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Book Cellulose-Based Paper (XXth Century) Treated with Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

et al. 2022

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Paper aging and protection processes play an essential function in the preservation of library collections and archives. In this study, some physical-mechanical properties of paper samples from XXth century books (private collections), such as pH acidity, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity, as well as optical properties, such as absolute change in yellowness, were examined before and after treating them with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAp). Accelerated light aging was also evaluated and discussed. The treatment with HAp nanoparticles increased the paper’s pH to slightly alkaline values (approximately pH 8). Washing and treating the paper improved its mechanical properties compared to untreated paper; the tear length increased by 35% and the modulus of elasticity increased by 56%. That the treated and aged samples are more elastic than the original samples demonstrates that HAp nanoparticles consolidated the cellulose fibers. Additionally, particle morphology, size, composition and size distribution were assessed via image analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the ImageJ processing program.

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Section: Sem Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Book Cellulose-Based Paper (XXth Century) Treated with Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

et al. 2022

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“…During the past decade, the most commonly used nanomaterials for conserving cultural heritage objects have been alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides, such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc. [7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Although many other nanomaterials with diverse properties (nanocelluloses, nanoclays, nanofluids, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilayer Coating Composed of Starch and Methyl Cellulose-Nanoscale TiO2 for the Protection of Historic Paper from UV

et al. 2023

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Among the agents of deterioration considered particularly damaging to cultural heritage objects are light, ultraviolet (UV) and infrared. The high-energy UV is the most damaging of the three, as it can cause irreversible visual, chemical and structural changes in cellulose-based materials. Known for its photocatalytic properties, TiO2 can absorb UV and is thermally and chemically stable. In this study, we propose an innovative bilayer coating composed of starch, methyl cellulose and nano-TiO2 to utilize UV blocking properties of TiO2. The results of the treatments were assessed by determining physical, optical and surface properties, as well as the degradation degree of the samples, prior and post accelerated ageing. The results show that an increase in the weight concentration of TiO2 enhances the colour difference, but the colour of samples coated by lower concentrations of TiO2 after accelerated ageing is closer to the original value than the colour of the uncoated ones. An increase in both the contact angle and the absorption time is also present, but after ageing, both parameters significantly decrease due to the presence of TiO2. To conclude, the presented nanocomposite coating can protect historic paper from UV, but one should bear in mind that a higher weight concentration could lead to a higher water sensitivity after exposure to UV.

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“…During the past 20 years, nanotechnologies have been increasingly implemented in the deacidification of paper artefacts. Nano and micron sized calcium hydroxide particles in alcohol media were introduced by Giorgi et al already in 2002 [14], followed by the study of application of the Mg(OH) 2 nanoparticles in 2005 [15], and several other studies [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. There are several advantages to the use nanoparticles for the deacidification of paper, such as high specific surface area, which influences system's many physico-chemical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano calcium carbonate versus nano calcium hydroxide in alcohols as a deacidification medium for lignocellulosic paper

et al. 2019

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Deacidification is an established conservation treatment for the prolongation of the acidic paper stability. Several different deacidification systems are in use today, such as the dispersions of alkaline nanoparticles in organic solvents. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of different calcium nanoparticle dispersions in alcohols on lignocellulosic paper. Commercially available nano calcium hydroxide dispersions for paper deacidification, and laboratory prepared nano calcium carbonate dispersions in ethanol and 2-propanol were investigated and compared as to their effectiveness in increasing the stability of paper. The FE-SEM analyses were used to determine the size of Ca(OH) 2 and CaCO 3 particles in the dispersions. The SEM-EDS analyses were performed both on the paper surface and its crosssection in order to ascertain the distribution of calcium ions following the deacidification treatment. An evaluation of the changes of color, molecular weight, pH and alkaline reserve on different lignocellulosic papers was performed. In comparison to untreated samples, our results indicate all the investigated deacidification treatments decrease the degradation rate constant of cellulose, as determined by accelerated degradation. However, the treatments involving nano calcium hydroxides in both alcohols noticeably affect the color of the treated lignocellulosic papers. According to the obtained results, nano calcium carbonate is therefore the more suitable deacidification agent for the lignin containing papers.

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Washing, Spraying and Brushing. A Comparison of Paper Deacidification by Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Book Cellulose-Based Paper (XXth Century) Treated with Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Book Cellulose-Based Paper (XXth Century) Treated with Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

Bilayer Coating Composed of Starch and Methyl Cellulose-Nanoscale TiO2 for the Protection of Historic Paper from UV

Nano calcium carbonate versus nano calcium hydroxide in alcohols as a deacidification medium for lignocellulosic paper

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