Warm climate in the late Miocene of the south coast of Alaska and the occurrence of Podocarpaceae pollen

Reinink-Smith, Linda M.; Leopold, Estella B.

doi:10.1080/01916122.2005.9989607

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Dilcher (1969) described Podocarpus megafossils from an Eocene flora in Tennessee, and Jarzen and Dilcher (2006) identified Podocarpaceae pollen in an Eocene deposit in Florida. Reinink-Smith and Leopold (2005) and Morley (2011) report Podocarpaceae pollen as consistent minor elements in the Neogene of Alaska. Other Alaskan trace occurrences include White and Ager (1994, plate 2, p. 68) and Reinink-Smith et al (2017).…”

Section: Comparison Of the Four Oligocene Florasmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pollen evidence of floristic turnover forced by cool aridity during the Oligocene in Colorado

Leopold

Zaborac-Reed

2019

Geosphere

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New pollen data from four Oligocene floras in volcanic landscapes of Colo rado record important climatic shifts that reshaped the local flora and promoted the development of subarid vegetation types. We combined new pollen data with previous megafossil evidence to assess vegetation changes during the Eocene-Oligocene Transition (EOT). Pollen data are the basis for updating the list of flora identified at Creede. Local extinctions in response to lower sum mer rainfall abruptly removed many of the exotic woody taxa of eastern North American and Asian affinity. This loss was followed by the appearance of xeric shrubland taxa of the Ponderosa pinefir woodland and sagebrush flora that characterize the Colorado area today. Telltale genera appear and suggest an understory of shrubs such as Artemisia, Elaeagnus, Ribes, Ephedra, Jamesia, and Shepherdia. Poaceae are also present. Significantly, herbaceous taxa of the Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Caryophyllaceae make their first appearances in the fossil record of Colorado here. The new Oligocene pollen data record a significant drop in summer rainfall and a climatic cooling at 33.8 Ma of several degrees that relates to the Oi1 glaciation in Antarctica. The particular taxa that continued after the EOT were a basis for estimating changes in soil moisture during this time. The condi tions in Colorado are reminiscent of Wolfe's "terminal Eocene event." This re markable shift precipitated the development of a local pollen and megafossil flora more "modern" in aspect (e.g., a larger proportion of extant local genera are present). The impressive floristic turnover was probably a response to the increasingly continental climate that embraced the area during the Oligocene.

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Section: Comparison Of the Four Oligocene Florasmentioning

confidence: 97%

Pollen evidence of floristic turnover forced by cool aridity during the Oligocene in Colorado

Leopold

Zaborac-Reed

2019

Geosphere

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“…A Miocene biogeographic connection for tropical forest between eastern Asia and western North America via Beringia is already well established (Wolfe, 1994a; Wolfe, 1994b; Sirkin & Owens, 1998; Reinink-Smith & Leopold, 2005). The fossil occurrence at GFS of several vines including Sinomenium and several species of grapes ( Vitis ) having eastern Asian affinities (Gong, Karsai & Liu, 2010; Liu & Jacques, 2010), as well as the GFS fossil mammals Pristinailurus and Arctomeles, related to the red panda and Eurasian badger (Wallace & Wang, 2004), respectively, suggest that perhaps the ancestry of E. fuscus should also be looked for in eastern Asia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from the Gray Fossil Site (late Miocene or early Pliocene), Tennessee, USA

Czaplewski¹

2017

PeerJ

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Thousands of vertebrate fossils have been recovered from the Gray Fossil Site, Tennessee, dating to the Miocene-Pliocene boundary. Among these are but eight specimens of bats representing two different taxa referable to the family Vespertilionidae. Comparison of the fossils with Neogene and Quaternary bats reveals that seven of the eight specimens pertain to a species of Eptesicus that cannot be distinguished from recent North American Eptesicus fuscus. The remaining specimen, a horizontal ramus with m3, is from a smaller vespertilionid bat that cannot confidently be assigned to a genus. Although many vespertilionid genera can be excluded through comparisons, and many extinct named taxa cannot be compared due to nonequivalence of preserved skeletal elements, the second taxon shows morphological similarities to small-bodied taxa with three lower premolar alveoli, three distinct m3 talonid cusps, and m3 postcristid showing the myotodont condition. It resembles especially Nycticeius humeralis and small species of Eptesicus. Eptesicus cf. E. fuscus potentially inhabited eastern North America continuously since the late Hemphillian land mammal age, when other evidence from the Gray Fossil Site indicates the presence in the southern Appalachian Mountains of a warm, subtropical, oak-hickory-conifer forest having autochthonous North American as well as allochthonous biogeographical ties to eastern Asia and tropical-subtropical Middle America.

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“…Palynology 187 counts, (followed by 30-35% Pinaceae and Taxodiaceae pollen types, and 14% thermophiles) (Reinink-Smith and Leopold 2005). Four-pored Alnus constitutes 45-65% of the total Alnus counts, and 5-pored Alnus 10-25% ( Figure 8).…”

Section: Can Alder Pollen Pore Numbers Be Used As a New Correlation Tmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The Homerian (Upper Miocene) type section designated by Wolfe contains a suite of generally warmth-loving taxa (Reinink-Smith and Leopold 2005). This assemblage is of a warmer aspect than the flora previously reported from the Homerian ) and it represents a warmer paleoclimate than the Pliocene Clamgulchian section.…”

Section: Can Alder Pollen Pore Numbers Be Used As a New Correlation Tmentioning

confidence: 97%

Variations in alder pollen pore numbers—a possible new correlation tool for the Neogene Kenai lowland, Alaska

Reinink-Smith

2010

Palynology

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Warm climate in the late Miocene of the south coast of Alaska and the occurrence of Podocarpaceae pollen

Cited by 32 publications

References 41 publications

Pollen evidence of floristic turnover forced by cool aridity during the Oligocene in Colorado

Pollen evidence of floristic turnover forced by cool aridity during the Oligocene in Colorado

First report of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from the Gray Fossil Site (late Miocene or early Pliocene), Tennessee, USA

Variations in alder pollen pore numbers—a possible new correlation tool for the Neogene Kenai lowland, Alaska

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