Warder's method for the titration of carbonates

Benedetti-Pichler, A. A.; Cefola, Michael

doi:10.1021/ac50134a012

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The instrument was calibrated using certificated CO 2 and CH 4 gas standards (Scientific Technical Gases Ltd., Staffordshire, UK) prior to each analysis. A sharp methane peak eluted from the inner column containing mixed porous polymer packing at a retention time of 30 s followed by the CO 2 peak at 90 s. Concentration of chemically absorbed CO 2 in NaOH containing solutions, existing as carbonate, was ascertained by titration of retentate absorbent with 1.0 M HCl using BaCl 2 to neutralise the carbonate ions (Benedetti-Pichler Cefola, 1939).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the loss of methane through secondary gas mass transport (or ‘slip’) from a micro-porous membrane contactor applied to biogas upgrading

2013

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Secondary gas transport during the separation of a binary gas with a micro-porous hollow fibre membrane contactor (HMFC) has been studied for biogas upgrading. In this application, the loss or 'slip' of the secondary gas (methane) during separation is a known concern, specifically since methane possesses the intrinsic calorific value. Deionised (DI) water was initially used as the physical solvent. Under these conditions, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) absorption were dependent upon liquid velocity (V(L)). Whilst the highest CO2 flux was recorded at high V(L), selectivity towards CO2 declined due to low residence times and a diminished gas-side partial pressure, and resulted in slip of approximately 5.2% of the inlet methane. Sodium hydroxide was subsequently used as a comparative chemical absorption solvent. Under these conditions, CO2 mass transfer increased by increasing gas velocity (VG) which is attributed to the excess of reactive hydroxide ions present in the solvent, and the fast conversion of dissolved CO2 to carbonate species reinitiating the concentration gradient at the gas-liquid interface. At high gas velocities, CH4 slip was reduced to 0.1% under chemical conditions. Methane slip is therefore dependent upon whether the process is gas phase or liquid phase controlled, since methane mass transport can be adequately described by Henry's law within both physical and chemical solvents. The addition of an electrolyte was found to further retard CH4 absorption via the salting out effect. However, their applicability to physical solvents is limited since electrolytic concentration similarly impinges upon the solvents' capacity for CO2. This study illustrates the significance of secondary gas mass transport, and furthermore demonstrates that gas-phase controlled systems are recommended where greater selectivity is required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the loss of methane through secondary gas mass transport (or ‘slip’) from a micro-porous membrane contactor applied to biogas upgrading

2013

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“…When sodium/potassium carbonate solutions are used, the concentration, or activity if an activity based model is used, of OH À must be modeled because of the low concentrations of OH À compared to CO 3 2 À in the solution (Benedetti-Pichler et al, 1939;Kloosterman et al, 1987;Savage et al, 1980). The used model should of course be consistent with the Henry's law constants used to calculate the free liquid phase CO 2 concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) in different electrolytes up to 41 1C. The OH À concentrations were determined using the Warder and Winkler (Benedetti-Pichler et al, 1939) methods and Henry's law constants were calculated with the model of Danckwerts (1970) log H app…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the reaction of carbon dioxide with aqueous sodium and potassium carbonate solutions

Knuutila

Juliussen

Svendsen

2010

Chemical Engineering Science

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“…The solutions are then analyzed for both, the carbonate and OH − concentrations. The used methods are often based on the Winkler 3 or Warder method 4, 5. Four different methods used for the determination of CO 2 concentration are presented in the following.…”

Section: Co2analytics In Packing Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Phase CO₂‐Analytics for Standardized Mass Transfer Characterization in Packed Columns

Brinkmann

Plate

Grünewald

et al. 2020

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Mass transfer parameters are necessary for the design of absorption and desorption processes in packed columns. To determine the effective interfacial area and liquid side mass transfer parameters, CO2 absorption and desorption are frequently used. Reliable analytics for concentration determination are essential to obtain correct results. In this work two methods of CO2 liquid phase analysis are compared: first, the back titration of unreacted NaOH after prior precipitation of the bound CO2; secondly, the inorganic carbon analysis with a commercial inorganic carbon analyzer.

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Warder's method for the titration of carbonates

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Quantifying the loss of methane through secondary gas mass transport (or ‘slip’) from a micro-porous membrane contactor applied to biogas upgrading

Quantifying the loss of methane through secondary gas mass transport (or ‘slip’) from a micro-porous membrane contactor applied to biogas upgrading

Kinetics of the reaction of carbon dioxide with aqueous sodium and potassium carbonate solutions

Liquid Phase CO₂‐Analytics for Standardized Mass Transfer Characterization in Packed Columns

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Warder's method for the titration of carbonates

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Quantifying the loss of methane through secondary gas mass transport (or ‘slip’) from a micro-porous membrane contactor applied to biogas upgrading

Quantifying the loss of methane through secondary gas mass transport (or ‘slip’) from a micro-porous membrane contactor applied to biogas upgrading

Kinetics of the reaction of carbon dioxide with aqueous sodium and potassium carbonate solutions

Liquid Phase CO2‐Analytics for Standardized Mass Transfer Characterization in Packed Columns

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Liquid Phase CO₂‐Analytics for Standardized Mass Transfer Characterization in Packed Columns