War-related Deaths in the 1992–1995 Armed Conflicts in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A Critique of Previous Estimates and Recent Results

Abstract

In this article, we provide a critique of previous estimates of war-related deaths from Bosnia and Herzegovina and propose an analytical framework and a new estimate of such deaths. Our assessment is concentrated on civilian victims, whose death (or disappearance) can in a straightforward manner be linked with war operation. The estimate is based on carefully selected sources analysed jointly at the level of individual records, allowing for identity verification of victims, elimination of duplicates within the sources and exclusion of records overlapping between the sources. Although we can argue that our estimate is much better founded than any other estimate ever obtained, it is still incomplete and should be seen as work in progress. Tabeau, E. et J. Bijak, 2005, De´ce`s dus a`la guerre durant le conflit arme´en BosnieHerze´govine de 1992 a`1995 : critique des estimations existantes et nouveaux re´sultats. Revue Europe´enne de De´mographie, 21: 187-215.Re´sume´. Cet article pre´sente une analyse critique des estimations existantes sur les de´ce`s dus al a guerre en Bosnie-He´rze´govine et propose un cadre d'analyse et une nouvelle estimation de ces de´ce`s. Cette estimation porte sur les victimes civiles, dont la mort (ou la disparition) peut eˆtre relie´e d'une fac¸on directe aux ope´rations de guerre. Elle repose sur une se´lection rigoureuse de sources, traite´es conjointement au niveau des donne´es individuelles, ce qui permet la ve´rification de l'identite´des victimes, l'e´limination des doublons au sein de chaque source et l'identification des cas pre´sents dans plusieurs sources. Meˆme si cette estimation est sans aucun doute meilleure que toutes celles de´ja`publie´es, elle reste incomple`te et doit eˆtre conside´re´e comme une e´tape provisoire dans un travail encore en cours.

Accuracy of Cameriere, Haavikko, and Willems radiographic methods on age estimation on Bosnian–Herzegovian children age groups 6–13

“…The War in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995 caused hundreds of thousands of BH civilian casualties including dead and missing children [20]. Different scientific methods are used in cases where the age may play an important task in cases for identification [21,24].…”

“…Bosnia and Herzegovina has been affected by recent war from 1992 to 1995 including civilian victims, displacement of people and refugees, still missing people including children [17][18][19][20]. Cunha et al [21], in their review about problem of aging human remains and living individuals which exposed the experience of the authors working in the Forensic Anthropology Society of Europe subsection of the International Academy of Legal Medicine, suggested that age estimation should be brought up to date on the usage of known methods provided by literature and development of new methods and to more precisely discuss the results in the specific population in order to use the most adequate technique.…”

The Effect on Fertility of the 2003–2011 War in Iraq

“…See for example Spiegel and Salama (2000) for Kosovo; Grein et al (2003) for Angola; Tabeau and Bijak (2005) for Bosnia and Herzegovina; Roberts et al (2001), Roberts et al (2003), and Coghlan et al (2006) for the Democratic Republic of Congo; Depoortere et al (2004), Hagan and Palloni (2006), and Degomme and Guha-Sapir (2010) for Darfur; and Roberts et al (2004), Burnham et al (2006), Iraq Family Health Survey Study Group (2008), and Hagopian et al (2013) for Iraq.…”

Women and international (criminal) law

“…See also Askin 2005. 13 See Tabeau & Bijak 2005;Seybolt, Aronson & Fischhoff 2013. violations of the laws of war. As a consequence, academic research, often undertaken from a feminist perspective, stresses a qualitative approach rather than a quantitative one, making a distinction between patterns of rape -systematic or opportunistic, inside or out of detention centers 14 -or else focuses on individual experiences or testimonies (see below).…”