War as Metaphor

Hartmann-Mahmud, Lori

doi:10.1080/1040265022000039213

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…During the last 15 years, recognition has accelerated of the role of metaphor in the war and peace discourse, especially in shaping the conceptualization of war, the initiation of new wars and justification of political aggressiveness (Chilton, 1996(Chilton, , 2005Dimitrova and Srtomback, 2005;Erjavec and Volcic, 2007;Hartmann-Mahmud, 2002;Ivie, 1990;Kennedy, 2000;Lule, 2004;Matthew, 1993;Thornborrow, 1993;Yang, 2003). Other researchers have focused on the key role of metaphor in the peace discourse: conceptualization of 'peace', the peace process, peace media coverage (Bridgeman, 2000(Bridgeman, , 2002Cavin and Hale, 1997) and reconciliation talks (Cameron, 2007).…”

Section: War-normalizing Metaphors and The Political Discoursementioning

confidence: 99%

The `metaphorical annihilation' of the Second Lebanon War (2006) from the Israeli political discourse

Gavriely-Nuri

2008

Discourse & Society

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Combining discourse analysis with gender theories and the discipline of political studies, this article focuses on two discursive phenomena: first, it demonstrates the flexibility and efficiency of exclusion mechanisms beyond the realm of minority relations to abstract concepts but especially political events; second, it demonstrates the power of metaphor for neutralizing the negative cargo of controversial political situations for the purpose of transforming them into consensual events. The case study explored is the Israeli political discourse during the 33 days of the Second Lebanon War (2006). By intensive use of 'war-normalizing metaphors', the political discourse 'annihilated' the war: these metaphorical constructions framed the war as a 'normal' event, an integral part of Israeli daily life, despite the 3970 katyusha rockets that fell within the borders of Israel and the massive Israel Defense Forces bombing of southern Lebanon. K E Y W O R D S : exclusion, Israeli political discourse, metaphor, Middle East conflict, political discourse analysis, political metaphor, 11 September, sport metaphor, warThe article's main theoretical claim is that practices of exclusion can be applied to abstract concepts in exactly the same way that they are applied to social groups. More specifically, controversial political events can be subjected to exclusion. The second theoretical claim investigated in this research is that the application of such practices to focal political situations requires creative efforts since political events, by their nature, are found at the core of the national agenda and cannot be simply ignored. Thus, in order to exclude controversial events, the political discourse 1 is required to 'invent' sophisticated exclusion mechanisms that produce indirect exclusion, a discursive process that preserves the existence of the event but totally alters its perceived characteristics.

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Section: War-normalizing Metaphors and The Political Discoursementioning

confidence: 99%

The `metaphorical annihilation' of the Second Lebanon War (2006) from the Israeli political discourse

Gavriely-Nuri

2008

Discourse & Society

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“…As a response to its growing popularity in other fields, metaphor analysis also began to take hold in International Relations (IR) (Milliken 1996;Chilton 1996a;Campbell 1998;Chilton and Lakoff 1999). Despite the continued sceptism of many in mainstream Anglo-American IR, metaphor analysis cannot really be considered marginal anymore (Beer and Landtsheer 2004a;Little 2007;Carver and Pikalo 2008;Kornprobst et al 2008), with a growing number of studies applying metaphor analysis to different aspects of international politics such as European integration (Chilton and Ilyin 1993;Hu¨lsse 2003;Luoma-aho 2004;Drula´k 2006), immigration (Santa Ana 1999;O'Brian 2003;Charteris-Black 2006) and, one of the generally most conservative realms, security policy (Thornborrow 1993;Chilton 1996b) and war (Hartmann-Mahmud 2002;Paris 2002). More critical strands of IR now seem to accept the importance of metaphors for international politics as 'metaphors have the ability to transform the meaning of an established concept and they also play an essential role in comprehending aspects of the world that are new or that we do not understand' (Little 2007: 23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The social construction of terrorism: media, metaphors and policy implications

Spencer¹

2012

J Int Relat Dev

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The article illustrates a constructivist understanding of studying terrorism and counter-terrorism by applying metaphor analysis to a British tabloid media discourse on terrorism between 2001 and 2005 in The Sun newspaper. It identifies four conceptual metaphors constituting terrorism as a war, a crime, an uncivilised evil and as a disease, and it illustrates how these understandings make certain counterterrorism policies such as a military response, judicial measures or immigration policies acceptable while at the same time excluding from consideration other options, such as negotiations. It thereby re-emphasises that a metaphorical understanding of political phenomena such as terrorism can give International Relations insights into how certain policies become possible while others remain outside of the range of options thought to be appropriate.

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“…Most cartoons in this corpus trigger a conceptual domain that we may call a self-defense War scenario. Authorities have used war metaphors and analogies to persuade citizens to adhere to emergency measures (Hartmann-Mahmud, 2002;Steinert, 2003). In the same way, war and infectious disease are closely related (Hagopian, 2017;Ingram, 2009): 'war metaphors' are widely used as 'medical metaphors' (Hodgkin, 1985) and, likewise, war is a key vector for and the spread of disease (Bashford, 2014).…”

Section: War Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

How We Conceptualize Epidemic--Visual Metaphors of COVID-19 in Editorial Cartoons

Xiao¹,

Li²

2021

AJHSS

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Since 2020, the whole world has been busy in fighting against a new invisible enemy: COVID-19. As a public health emergency of international concern, COVID-19 has become the focus of media attention at home and abroad. War-related terminology is commonly used in news to frame the discourse around epidemics and diseases. The current study presents an analysis of the visual metaphor of COVID-19 in 24 editorial cartoons from China Daily. The conceptual and framing of the metaphors are conducted. The study finds that the metaphors in editorial cartoons evoke a general understanding of COVID-19 problem by activating the war scenario and this particular way of framing help to establish people's confidence and make them work together. The study further affirms that visual metaphors are better in conveying rich and implicit conceptual and affective meaning, and can be direct manifestation of the conceptual metaphor without the mediation of language.

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War as Metaphor

Cited by 24 publications

References 2 publications

The `metaphorical annihilation' of the Second Lebanon War (2006) from the Israeli political discourse

The `metaphorical annihilation' of the Second Lebanon War (2006) from the Israeli political discourse

The social construction of terrorism: media, metaphors and policy implications

How We Conceptualize Epidemic--Visual Metaphors of COVID-19 in Editorial Cartoons

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