War and Social Attitudes: Revisiting Consensus Views

Child, Travers Barclay; Nikolova, Elena

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2817856

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Consistently with Vianí and Bituima's examples, most of this literature shows that exposure to conflict fosters cooperation within communities (see review by Bauer et al 2016). Other studies, however, challenge these findings and-consistent with Quipile's example-show that community cohesion declines in localities affected by conflict (Kijewski and Freitag 2018; Barclay Child and Nikolova 2017). What explains these contradictory findings?…”

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confidence: 70%

“…In contrast to these relatively sanguine findings, another group of studies shows a substantial decline in cohesion in communities affected by conflict (Kijewski and Freitag 2018;Barclay Child and Nikolova 2017;Dell and Querubin 2018;Vélez et al 2016). Evidence from Sudan and the Balkans shows that the experience of violence at the hands of competing group deepens intergroup animosities (Beber, Roessler, and Scacco 2014;Canetti-Nisim et al 2009).…”

Section: Civil War and Community Cohesion: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Pulled Together or Torn Asunder? Community Cohesion After Symmetric and Asymmetric Civil War

Krakowski

2020

Journal of Conflict Resolution

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Evidence on the consequences of war for community cohesion is mixed, pointing to both positive and negative effects of conflict. This study examines symmetry of force between warring actors as an explanation of heterogeneous conflict effects. Using survey data from 224 Colombian villages, I compare cohesion in communities exposed to asymmetric and symmetric conflicts, a guerrilla war between rebels and the state and a more conventional war between rebels and paramilitary groups, respectively. I find that symmetric war increases participation in community organizations, while asymmetric war decreases trust. Evidence suggests three mechanisms that explain these findings. Symmetric war increases cohesion (i) by spurring individuals to band together to cope with significant disruption of services and (ii) by strengthening group identities that map onto fairly clear wartime cleavages. Asymmetric war reduces cohesion (iii) by instilling fear and suspicion linked to wartime experiences of civilian collaboration and denunciations.

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confidence: 70%

Section: Civil War and Community Cohesion: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pulled Together or Torn Asunder? Community Cohesion After Symmetric and Asymmetric Civil War

Krakowski

2020

Journal of Conflict Resolution

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A war is forever: The long-run effects of early exposure to World War II on trust

Conzo

Salustri

2019

European Economic Review

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This paper examines the long-term effect of conflict on trust by using changes in places and timing of combats during World War II. We focus on the pre-school period, an important life stage for the formation of trust and an age where war exposure may persist throughout life. We find robust evidence that individuals exposed to combats in the first six years of life display lower trust and social engagement well into adulthood. In light of the well-known relationship between trust and collective action, our results lend credence to the theory that violent conflict inhibits well-functioning government in long run. for their useful comments and suggestions. We also thank Compagnia di San Paolo (Turin) for the financial support to the project 'InsideTrust' (PI: P. Conzo).

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War and Social Attitudes: Revisiting Consensus Views

Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

Pulled Together or Torn Asunder? Community Cohesion After Symmetric and Asymmetric Civil War

Pulled Together or Torn Asunder? Community Cohesion After Symmetric and Asymmetric Civil War

A war is forever: The long-run effects of early exposure to World War II on trust

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