War and Infectious Diseases: Challenges of the Syrian Civil War

Sharara, Sima L.; Kanj, Souha S.

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004438

Cited by 178 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Table 1 presents the percentages of people within categories as a function of the main variables in the present study. The participants' age was divided into four groups: infants (≤ 1), pre-school (Bradby et al 2015;Glass et al 1980;Ackerman 1997;Lim et al 2005;Doocy et al 2015), schoolage (Cetorelli et al 2017;Ozaras et al 2016b;Ozaras et al 2016a;Natan-iha.org, 2018;Humedica.org, 2016; http:// data2.unhcr.org/en/situations/mediterranean, 2018; Gulacti et al 2017;van Berlaer et al 2016;Sharara and Kanj 2014;Alpak et al 2015;Kimerling et al 2006) and adults (≥ 18) years. There were too few elderly to include as a separate age group (Only 68 patients, 3.2%, were above the age of 60 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results are in line with the results described in the present study. Low hygiene caused by crowded buses, trains and residing in dense camps were presumably contributing factors (Sharara and Kanj 2014). Future interventions should target this problem by a proper preparation of medicines, sufficient nutrition, and hygiene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The older age groups had higher rates of RTI possibly because infants may have immune protection via breast feeding (Sharara and Kanj 2014;Oddy et al 2003;Duijts et al 2009;Ladomenou et al 2010;Hanson and Korotkova 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medical conditions and treatment in a transit camp in Serbia for Syrian, Afghani, and Iraqi migrants

Levy¹,

Alkan

Shaul

et al. 2017

Int J Humanitarian Action

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Thousands of migrants arrived in Europe via the Balkan route, many with various health conditions. The camp of Preševo, Serbia, close to the Macedonian border, was established by the Serbian government and run by the United Nations High Commissioner. The camp was wstablished for Refugees (UNHCR) late in 2015 as a registration and a transfer camp for refugees traveling through the Balkans on their way from the Near East to Western Europe. Refugees stayed at the camp for several hours or a day. NATAN, an Israeli non-governmental volunteer organization, in collaboration with HUMEDICA, a German organization, established a clinic at the camp, staffed by Israeli and German personnel. The Israeli team consisted of a doctor, nurse, and social worker, at least one of whom spoke Arabic. The language barrier was bridged through the fact that Arabic is commonly spoken in Israel, and more than half of the volunteers were Palestinian-Israelis. As for the Farsi language, we were helped by interpreters from the Department of Languages in the University of Belgrade. This report contains data on 2136 consecutive clients visiting the clinic between December 2015 and February 2016. The report focuses on the three most frequent major countries of origin, Syria (51%), Iraq (18%), and Afghanistan (31%). Analysis of the age distribution revealed that 36% were under 18 years of age, while only 5% were above the age of 60. Male gender was predominant. Infections were the most common diagnosis (61%) followed by pain in various body parts (13%). Antibiotics were prescribed in 47.6% of the infections. Most of the visits were for minor illnesses, with very few cases of chronic diseases such as diabetes (28 visits) or hypertension (17 visits). We provide the demographic correlates of migrants' health conditions and discuss the findings in light of past studies and the context of the present sample of migrants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medical conditions and treatment in a transit camp in Serbia for Syrian, Afghani, and Iraqi migrants

Levy¹,

Alkan

Shaul

et al. 2017

Int J Humanitarian Action

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“…Many previously vaccine-preventable diseases have spread quickly after forgetting the immunization programs. Vaccination coverage have dropped from 91% in 2010 to 45% in 2013 (1). More than 50% of all Syrian children born since the conflict (900,000) are unvaccinated.…”

Section: Breakdowns Of War In the Health System Of Syriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Hepatitis A Virus Infections in Syria, 2017; War and Asylum Seekers: A Global Threat

Miri

Alavian²

2017

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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Breakdowns of the 7-year war in Syria, especially in the health care infrastructures, such as water networks, and in the basic health requirements, such as public hospitals, emergency equipment from one side and emigration of the skilled resources from the country from the other side, has led to a disaster not only for the residents and neighboring countries but also for all other countries, which accept asylum seekers. Deficiency of national immunization programs and safe water has increased the risk of new epidemics of enterally transmitted virus infections like Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. Ringing alarms of a public health emergency must concern all authorized policy makers around the world. Vaccination against HAV, both for residents and asylum seekers, controlling the immune system of all other nations involved in Syria, fixing the water networks, and investing on infrastructures of the primary hygiene requirements would eliminate the risk of communicable infections in all the region.

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“…Savaşlarda kullanılan savaş silahlarına ve büyük göç dalgalarına bağlı olarak toplumda görülen hastalık çeşitleri ve dağılımında önemli değişiklikler meydana gelmektedir. Savaşlarda sağlıklı yaşam koşullarının bozulması, temel gıda ve sağlık hizmetlerindeki yetersizlikler nedeniyle enfeksiyon hastalıkları daha belirgin olmak üzere birçok hastalığın prevalansında ani artışlar ve buna bağlı olarak ciddi sağlık problemleri meydana gelmektedir 1,2 . 2011 yılı Mart ayından itibaren sınır komşumuz Suriye'de başlayan iç savaş nedeniyle ülkemize göç eden Suriyeli sığınmacıların yoğun olarak yaşadığı yerlerde dermatolojik hastalıkların çeşitliliğinde ve sıklığında önemli değişiklikler olmuştur.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Dermatological face of Syrian civil war

İnci¹,

Karakuzu²,

Kelekci³

et al. 2016

TURKDERM

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Background and Design:The frequency and variety of dermatological diseases significantly changed after 2011 in the regions where the Syrian refugees migrated because of the civil war in Syria where is bordered by our country. To reveal these changing, the demographic and dermatological data of the Syrian refugees were retrospectively examined in faculty of medicine, department of dermatology of our city where a significant amount of Syrian refugees have been living. Materials and Methods: A total of 326 refugees immigrated to our city and have been living in tent cities, and applied to our department between September 2012-July 2014 were included to our study. Age, gender, dermatological and laboratory findings were retrospectively examined. Skin diseases were examined in 16 groups according to the their frequency. The patients were divided into 4 age groups as 0-20, 21-40, 41-60 and, 61 and over; three most common diseases for each age group were analyzed. Results: Of 326 patients, 126 (38.7%) were males, 200 (61.3%) were females and the difference was significant in term of gender. The age range of the patients was 0 to 77 years, and the mean age was 21.6±10.5. The majority of patients were in 0-20 age group. Dermatological infectious diseases were the most frequent diseases group and cutaneous leishmaniasis was the most diagnosed dermatological disease among patients. Conclusion: Preventive health care services should be performed to prevent dermatological infectious diseases which are commonly seen in Syrian refugees, especially cutaneous leishmaniasis which is already endemic in our country, and limitations to reach physicians of these patients should be amended. Keywords: Syrian civil war, dermatology, epidemiology Amaç: 2011 yılından itibaren sınır komşumuz Suriye'de başlayan iç savaş nedeniyle ülkemize göç eden Suriyeli sığınmacıların yoğun olarak yaşadığı yerlerde dermatolojik hastalıkların çeşitliliğinde ve sıklığında önemli değişiklikler olmuştur. Bu değişiklikleri saptamak amacıyla önemli sayıda Suriyeli sığınmacının yaşadığı ilimizdeki tıp fakültesi hastanesi dermatoloji polikliniğine başvuran Suriyeli sığınmacıların demografik ve dermatolojik bulguları retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Suriye'de ortaya çıkan iç savaş nedeniyle ülkemize göç edip şehrimizdeki çadır kentlerde yaşayan ve hastanemiz dermatoloji polikliniğine Eylül 2012 ile Temmuz 2014 tarihleri arasında başvuran 326 sığınmacı çalışmamıza dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, dermatolojik ve laboratuvar bulguları hastane otomasyon sisteminden retrospektif olarak incelendi. Tanı konulan deri hastalıkları 16 grupta incelenerek sıklıkları belirlendi. Hastalar yaşlarına göre 0-20, 21-40, 41-60 ve 61 ve üzeri olarak 4 gruba ayrıldı, her yaş grubunda en sık görülen 3 hastalık analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen toplam 326 olgunun 200'ü kadın (%61,3), 126'sı erkek (%38,7) olup; hasta grubunda cinsiyet bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark mevcuttu. Hastaların yaşları 0 ile 77 arasında değişmekte olup, orta...

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War and Infectious Diseases: Challenges of the Syrian Civil War

Cited by 178 publications

References 15 publications

Medical conditions and treatment in a transit camp in Serbia for Syrian, Afghani, and Iraqi migrants

Medical conditions and treatment in a transit camp in Serbia for Syrian, Afghani, and Iraqi migrants

Epidemiology of Hepatitis A Virus Infections in Syria, 2017; War and Asylum Seekers: A Global Threat

Dermatological face of Syrian civil war

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