Waning of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Induced Immune Response over 6 Months in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients and the Role of a Booster Dose in Maintaining Seropositivity

Murt, Ahmet; Dinç, Harika Öykü; Altiparmak, Mehmet Rıza; Yalın, Serkan Feyyaz; Yadigar, Serap; Parmaksız, Ergün; Kocazeybek, Bekir; Pekpak, Meltem; Ataman, Muveddet Rezzan

doi:10.1159/000524658

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Although evidence on the effectivity of the third dose on patients in PD is scarce, some studies have suggested a robust humoral response rise [ 14 , 15 ]. More importantly, a booster dose has been demonstrated to seroconvert patients that had previously lost their humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 [ 16 , 17 ]. Some countries have provided a fourth vaccine dose to some groups of vulnerable or elderly patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Dynamic Humoral Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

Quiroga

Soler²,

Ortíz³

et al. 2022

Vaccines

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Introduction. Patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) present an impaired humoral response against SARS-CoV-2, at least after the initial vaccination and booster dose. Until now, the effect of a fourth dose has not been established. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the long-term dynamics of the humoral response of PD patients to multiple doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, focusing on the effect of the fourth dose. Methods. This is an analysis of the prospective and multicentric SENCOVAC study. We included patients on PD without additional immunosuppression that had received at least 3 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine doses. We evaluated anti-spike antibody titers after the initial vaccination, third and fourth doses, using prespecified fixed assessments (i.e., baseline, 28 days, 3, 6, and 12 months after completing the initial vaccine schedule). Breakthrough infections were also collected. Results. We included 164 patients on PD (69% males, 62 ± 13 years old). In patients who had received only two doses, the rates of positive humoral response progressively decreased from 96% at 28 days to 80% at 6 months, as did with anti-spike antibody titers. At 6 months, 102 (62%) patients had received the third vaccine dose. Patients with the third dose had higher rates of positive humoral response (p = 0.01) and higher anti-spike antibody titers (p < 0.001) at 6 months than those with only 2 doses. At 12 months, the whole cohort had received 3 vaccine doses, and 44 (27%) patients had an additional fourth dose. The fourth dose was not associated to higher rates of positive humoral response (100 vs. 97%, p = 0.466) or to statistically significant differences in anti-spike antibody titers as compared to three doses (p = 0.371) at 12 months. Prior antibody titers were the only predictor for subsequent higher anti-spike antibody titer (B 0.53 [95%CI 0.27–0.78], p < 0.001). The 2 (1.2%) patients that developed COVID-19 during follow-up had mild disease. Conclusions. PD presents an acceptable humoral response with three doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines that improve the progressive loss of anti-spike antibody titers following two vaccine doses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Dynamic Humoral Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

Quiroga

Soler²,

Ortíz³

et al. 2022

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The first conclusion of our work is the excellent antibody immunity generated by dialysis patients after the vaccination schedule. Emerging humoral response data from other hemodialysis cohorts have shown comparable seroconversion results ranging from 95% to 100% [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] . This new mRNA-based technology in vaccine development proves to be effective even in dialysis patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Unfortunately, in our cohort there was an important difference in the time elapsed since the last dose of vaccine, which was much longer in the healthy control group. Numerous studies have reported a rapid decline in the amount of antibody over time, and this affects both the general population and dialysis patients [ 15 , 17 ]. Because of the difference in time since vaccination, the amount of antibody between dialysis patients and healthy patients is not properly comparable in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial recovery of SARS-CoV-2 immunity after booster vaccination in renal transplant recipients

Urra

Castro

Jiménez

et al. 2023

Clinical Immunology Communications

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“…Studies have reported poor neutralisation and waning of vaccine-induced immune responses over time in dialysis patients who received mRNA or adenovirusbased COVID-19 vaccines. [20][21][22][23] Limited data also showed inadequate humoral immune responses following two doses of inactivated whole-virus vaccine in ESKD patients. 24 Moreover, the Omicron COVID-19 variant, which is now spreading in China, has been reported to have prominent immune evasion and enhanced transmissibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and outcomes in Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients

Liao,

Zhou,

et al. 2024

Perit Dial Int

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Background: Reports on COVID-19 in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are scarce in China. This study aimed to describe the characteristics and outcomes of PD patients with COVID-19 after China abandoned the ‘zero-COVID’ policy. Methods: This single-centre retrospective study included patients receiving PD who underwent testing for COVID-19 infections between 7 December 2022 and 7 January 2023. Outcomes of interest included factors associated with positive COVID-19 testing result and clinical outcomes including COVID-19-related hospitalisation and severe COVID-19, which were analysed using logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 349 PD patients (male 53.6%, age 49 ± 13 years old) were included, and 235 patients (67.3%) were infected. There were no significant differences between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients other than higher proportion of vaccinated patients and slow transporters in the patients who tested positive for COVID-19 (44.7% vs. 28.1%, p = 0.003; 8.7% vs. 1.8%, p = 0.03, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed COVID-19 was associated with vaccination (odds ratio (OR): 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–2.86) and slow transport type (compared with average transport type, OR: 4.52, 95% CI: 1.01–20.21). Among the patients with infection, 38 (16.2%) patients were hospitalised, 18 (7.7%) patients had severe disease and 9 (3.8%) patients died. In multivariate logistic analysis, both age (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.07; OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02–1.11) and hyponatremia (OR: 5.44, 95% CI: 1.63–18.13; OR: 6.50, 95% CI: 1.77–23.85) were independent risk factors for COVID-19-related hospitalisation and severe disease. Conclusions: Although vaccinated patients were more likely to have tested positive for COVID-19 infection, they appeared to have less severe infection and less need for hospitalisation. Patients who were older with a history of hyponatremia were more likely to experience adverse outcomes from COVID-19.

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Waning of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine-Induced Immune Response over 6 Months in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients and the Role of a Booster Dose in Maintaining Seropositivity

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Long-Term Dynamic Humoral Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

Long-Term Dynamic Humoral Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

Partial recovery of SARS-CoV-2 immunity after booster vaccination in renal transplant recipients

COVID-19 and outcomes in Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients

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