Wang, S., Sun, C., Sullivan, C. &amp; Xu, X. (2013) A new oviraptorid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of southern China. &lt;i&gt;Zootaxa&lt;/i&gt;, 3640 (2), 242–257.

In order to reutilise the byproducts of foods and crops to benefit the environment and economise on resources, the natural extracts from chestnut shell and black rice bran were applied in the simultaneous dyeing and multifunctionalisation of silk fabrics. In this work, the influence of pH value on dyeing properties was studied. The effects of the ratio of chestnut shell and black rice bran extracts and the application of mordants (aluminium potassium sulphate and ferrous sulphate) on the dyeing performance as well as antiultraviolet and antioxidant properties of treated silk were also discussed. The results showed that deepcoloured silk fabrics can be obtained when dyed with the two natural extracts as the pH value of the dyebath approached 3. The ratio of the two natural extracts and the use of the mordants have significant effects on colour depth, colour hue, colour fastness, and the functionalities of dyed silk fabrics. Combination dyeing and mordanting are able to enrich the colour hues of dyed fabrics. The washing, rubbing, and light fastness of the dyed fabrics after mordanting can be rated higher than grade 4. Moreover, the silk after combination dyeing has good UV protection performance (UPF > 30) and antioxidant activity. In addition, the functionalities of treated fabrics showed excellent washing fastness. This study reveals that chestnut shell and black rice bran extracts are suitable as natural colourants and multifunctional finishing agents for the preparation of coloured and multifunctional silk materials.

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An innovative approach to the preparation of coloured and multifunctional silk material with the natural extracts from chestnut shell and black rice bran

Yan-mei

Hong-wu

Zhi-mei

et al. 2017

“…Natural dyes can be classified into plant, animal and microbial dyes according to their source [10]. Plant and microbial dyes are widely used in the food and textile sectors because of their wide variety and easy access [4,[11][12][13]. However, plant dyes' long production cycle and the particular land resources that are required for planting [14], as well as the low dye uptake and poor colour fastness of dyeing products [11], have limited their application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yellow pigment of Metarhizium anisopliae and its application to the dyeing of fabrics

Yan

Yang

Zhou

et al. 2019

Microbial dyes have received substantial attention because of their natural environmental protection, simple access, and reduced regional and seasonal restriction. In this work, a microbial dye, the yellow pigment produced by Metarhizium anisopliae, was first studied then applied. The strain produced by the culture was identified, and the conditions for producing yellow pigment were optimised. Further, the stability of M. anisopliae yellow pigment was examined, and the pigment was applied to the dyeing of silk and wool fabrics. The results showed that the homology of the strain with M. anisopliae was 99.98%. In liquid fermentation culture, the optimal carbon source was glucose, and the dosage was 30 g/l. The maximum pigment yield can be obtained by culturing with 4% v/v of inoculation quantity at pH 7 and 30 °C. In addition, the effects of pH, temperature and metal ions on the yellow pigment of M. anisopliae were significant. The optimum dyeing process conditions were dyeing temperatures of 80 °C for silk and 90 °C for wool, with a dyeing time of 60 min. This research developed a novel microbial dye and studied its application for the dyeing of protein fibres.

“…Almost all parts of plants including bark, flower, fruit, leaf, root, wood and seed can be used to produce dyes. Extracts from plants such as Albizia coriara, Butea monosperma, Callistemon citrinus, Tagetes erecta L. and Camellia sinensis (oolong tea) have been studied and recommended as sources of natural dyes for dyeing cotton fibres [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. However, agricultural waste such as the peel of banana, eggplant, mangosten and pomegranate have rarely been reported as raw materials for the production of natural dyes [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyeing of cotton with the natural dye extracted from waste leaves of green tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica)

Sukemi

Pratumyot

Srisuwannaket

et al. 2018

Due to an increase in the production of green tea, the amount of leaf waste has increased enormously, causing serious environmental problems. With regard to environmental awareness, the possibility of reusing the waste leaves of green tea as a low‐cost and abundantly available source of natural dye for dyeing cotton fibres was investigated. Natural dye powder from the waste leaves of green tea (NDPT) was successfully applied to dye cotton fibres without mordant by batch experiments. NDPT was obtained as a dark brown powder with a yield of 2.7 ± 0.5% w/w from dried waste leaves of green tea. The optimal conditions for dyeing NDPT onto cotton fibres were: pH of dye solution, 3; material to liquor ratio, 100:1; dyeing time, 180 min; concentration of dye solution, 3.0 mg/ml; and dyeing temperature, 100 °C. The colour of cotton fibres dyed with NDPT was observed to be dark brown. The adsorption data of NDPT on cotton fibres was best fitted with a Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.997. It is clear that there is a strong possibility of reusing the waste leaves of green tea as a low‐cost and abundantly available source of natural dye for dyeing cotton fibres.