Walter Scheidel (Ed.), State Power in Ancient China and Rome. (Oxford Studies in Early Empires.) Oxford, Oxford University Press 2015

Günther, Sven

doi:10.1515/hzhz-2018-1119

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“…The rotational motion of left ventricle (LV) was explained by Leonardo da Vinci in the 16th century for the first time [1,2]. Richard Lower found that the myocardial contraction is similar to ‘the wringing of a linen cloth to squeeze out the water’ in his studies of myocardial contraction in 1669 [3,4]. This wringing motion could be explained by a special and complex helical structure of heart myofibers [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

Sex-related Left Ventricle Rotational and Torsional Mechanics by Block Matching Algorithm

et al. 2016

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Background:The aim of the present study was to evaluate how left ventricular twist and torsion are associated with sex between sex groups of the same age. Materials and Methods: In this analytical study, twenty one healthy subjects were scanned in left ventricle basal and apical short axis views to run the block matching algorithm; instantaneous changes in the base and apex rotation angels were estimated by this algorithm and then instantaneous changes of the twist and torsion were calculated over the cardiac cycle. Results:The rotation amount between the consecutive frames in basal and apical levels was extracted from short axis views by tracking the speckle pattern of images. The maximum basal rotation angle for men and women were -6.94°±1.84 and 9.85°±2.36 degrees (p-value = 0.054), respectively. Apex maximum rotation for men was -8.89°±2.04 and for women was 12.18°±2.33 (p-value < 0.05). The peak of twist angle for men and women was 16.78 ± 1.83 and 20.95± 2.09 degrees (p-value < 0.05), respectively. In men and women groups, the peak of calculated torsion angle was 5.49°±1.04 and 7.12± 1.38 degrees (p-value < 0.05), respectively. Conclusion:The conclusion is that although torsion is an efficient parameter for left ventricle function assessment, because it can take in account the heart diameter and length, statistic evaluation of the results shows that among men and women LV mechanical parameters are significantly different. This study was mainly ascribed to the dependency of the torsion and twist on patient sex.

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