Walnut protein–curcumin complexes: fabrication, structural characterization, antioxidant properties, and in vitro anticancer activity

Moghadam, M R Fatahi; Salami, Maryam; Mohammadian, Mehdi; Delphi, Ladan; Sepehri, Houri; Emam‐Djomeh, Zahra; Moosavi-Movahedi, Ali Akbar

doi:10.1007/s11694-019-00336-9

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Typically, proteins are used as carriers for loading curcumin in a solvent-free phase. 154 This approach is based on curcumin's high solubility in unfolding protein structure under alkaline conditions. Using this form, a protein solution's pH will be adjusted to high pH values (more than 11.5).…”

Section: Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using this form, a protein solution's pH will be adjusted to high pH values (more than 11.5). 154 Curcumin crystals will be added at this stage, to combine the resulting protein/curcumin mixture. The mixture will be returned to a neutral pH (pH 7.0).…”

Section: Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During this process, the unfolding and refolding of proteins will enable them to hold hydrophobic molecules like curcumin in their structure and carry them easily in an aqueous environment that will enhance their water dispersibility. 154 Many advantages of pH-driven curcumin encapsulation in proteins were reported, such as inexpensiveness, high loading power, and encapsulation efficiency. Moreover, this method does not need toxic organic solvents like ethanol to solubilize curcumin.…”

Section: Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, this method does not need toxic organic solvents like ethanol to solubilize curcumin. 155 Different proteins, for example, casein, 9 whey proteins, 155 porcine plasma protein, 156 zein, 157 and walnut proteins, 154 have been used for the pH-driven encapsulation of curcumin. 9 Self-assembled casein nanoparticles for pH-driven curcumin encapsulation depends on the incubation period at alkaline conditions and the initial curcumin concentration.…”

Section: Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…155 They also proposed that, due to their high water solubility, excellent antioxidant activity, and chemical stability, the curcuminloaded whey proteins produced by the pH-shifting method could be used in the aqueous formulation of functional foods and beverages. 155 Moghadam et al 154 used the pH-shifting method to load curcumin in walnut proteins and they also compared it with the effectiveness of traditional encapsulation. They reported that the pHshifting method's encapsulation efficiency was about 60%, while the sample generated without the pH-shifting method showed an encapsulation efficiency of 2.53%.…”

Section: Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Curcumin, the active substance of turmeric: its effects on health and ways to improve its bioavailability

et al. 2021

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Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a spice utilized widely in India, China, and Southeast Asia as an aromatic stimulant, a food preservative, and coloring material. The commonly used names of turmeric are castor saffron, turmeric, and saffron root. Turmeric is a yellow-orange polyphenolic natural substance derived from C. longa rhizomes. It has been used to treat common inflammatory diseases, tumors, biliary diseases, anorexia, cough, topical wounds, diabetic injuries, liver disorders, rheumatism, and sinusitis. Extensive studies on the biological properties and pharmacological consequences of turmeric extracts have been conducted in recent years. Curcumin, the primary yellow biocomponent of turmeric, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antiviral, antifibrotic, immunomodulatory, and antifungal properties. Defense assessment tests showed that curcumin is tolerated well at high doses, without adverse effects. Thus, curcumin is a highly active biological material with the potential to treat different diseases in modern medicine. This review article focuses on curcumin's biological characteristics. The most popular methods for curcumin encapsulation are also discussed. Several effective techniques and approaches have been proposed for curcuminoid capsulation, including nanocomplexing, gelation, complex coacervation, electrospraying, and solvent-free pH-driven encapsulation. This review also highlights curcumin's chemical properties, allowing the readers to expand their perspectives on its use in the development of functional products with health-promoting properties.

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Section: Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Curcumin, the active substance of turmeric: its effects on health and ways to improve its bioavailability

et al. 2021

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Phosphorylated walnut protein isolate as a nanocarrier for enhanced water solubility and stability of curcumin

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND:The low solubility and poor dispersion of alkaline-extracted walnut protein isolate (AWPI) limit its application as a protein-based carrier for the delivery of poorly soluble nutraceuticals, including curcumin. This work investigated the physicochemical characteristics of phosphorylated walnut protein isolate (PWPI) extracted using sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) and evaluated its encapsulation ability. RESULTS:The results of phosphorus determination, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the phosphorylation of the extracted PWPI. Circular dichroism (CD) analysis indicated that PWPI contained higher ⊍-helix and lower ⊎-sheet contents than AWPI. The PWPI prepared at pH 9.0 and 11.0 showed significantly improved solubility, similar surface hydrophobicity, and increased surface charges compared to the AWPI. Fluorescence quenching experiments indicated that the binding affinity of curcumin to PWPI was significantly higher than that of AWPI. When bound to PWPI, the solubility of curcumin in aqueous solution was greatly enhanced, with an 8700-fold increase at a nanocomplex concentration of 10 mg mL −1 . The complexation of curcumin with PWPI significantly improved the storage stability of curcumin. Additionally, the PWPI-curcumin nanocomplexes showed significantly increased antioxidant capacity. CONCLUSION: Phosphorylated walnut protein isolate showed greatly improved solubility and strong encapsulation ability, making it a promising nanocarrier for curcumin.

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Solubilization mechanism of self‐assembled walnut protein nanoparticles and curcumin encapsulation

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND: Native walnut protein is an alkali-soluble protein that seriously limits the application of walnut protein. The pHshifting method could improve the solubility of walnut proteins and enable the encapsulation of active ingredients. The present study aimed to prepare water-soluble nanoparticles of curcumin using walnut protein and evaluate the process of walnut protein self-assembly, interaction between walnut protein and curcumin, encapsulation properties, and stability of nanoparticles. RESULTS:The solubility of native walnut protein was poor, but the solubility of walnut protein nanoparticles (WPNP) formed by walnut protein after pH-shifting significantly improved to 91.5 ± 1.2%. This is because, during the process of pH changing from 7 to 12 and back to 7, walnut protein first unfolded under alkaline conditions and then refolded under pH drive, finally forming an internal hydrophobic and external hydrophilic shell-core structures. The quenching type of walnut protein and curcumin was static quenching, and the quenching constant was 2.0 × 10 14 mol −1 L −1 s −1 , indicating that the interaction between walnut protein and curcumin was non-covalent. Adding curcumin resulted in the formation of nanoparticles with small particle size compared with the no-load. The loading capacity of curcumin-loaded walnut protein nanoparticles (WPNP-C) was 222 mg g −1 walnut protein isolate. Under the same mass, the curcumin equivalent concentration in aqueous solution of WPNP-C was 17 000 times higher than that of the native curcumin.CONCLUSION: The solubility of the self-assembled WPNP significantly increased after pH-shifting treatment. The walnut protein carrier could improve the stability of the encapsulated curcumin. Therefore, walnut proteins could be used as water-soluble carriers for hydrophobic drugs.

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Walnut protein–curcumin complexes: fabrication, structural characterization, antioxidant properties, and in vitro anticancer activity

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

Curcumin, the active substance of turmeric: its effects on health and ways to improve its bioavailability

Curcumin, the active substance of turmeric: its effects on health and ways to improve its bioavailability

Phosphorylated walnut protein isolate as a nanocarrier for enhanced water solubility and stability of curcumin

Solubilization mechanism of self‐assembled walnut protein nanoparticles and curcumin encapsulation

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