Wall-to-platform migration in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry Part 1. Investigation of the mechanism of chloride interference on thallium

Mahmood, Tariq M.; Jackson, Kenneth W.

doi:10.1016/0584-8547(95)01445-4

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For eliminating or diminishing this effect, L'vov proposed to increase the atomization temperature by vaporizing the sample from a graphite platform, and to bind the free chlorine into molecules by the addition of lithium. Jackson and co-workers 6,7 found that this interference, i.e., the formation of thallium chloride, occurred between condensed-phase species during the pyrolysis stage. Bulska and Ortner 8 showed that chloride forms stable graphite intercalation compounds, which might, at least in part, be responsible for this interference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of spectral and non-spectral interferences in the determination of thallium in river and marine sediments using solid sampling electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Vale

Silva

Welz

et al. 2001

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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The direct analysis of solid samples using electrothermal (graphite furnace) atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) has been investigated for the determination of thallium in river and marine sediment reference materials, because complete digestion of sediment samples requires the use of hydrofluoric acid and/or an alkaline fusion, and the extraction with aqua regia might be incomplete and cause interferences in the determination of thallium. The determination of thallium in river sediments using direct solid sampling ETAAS was straight forward, and could be carried out with good accuracy even without the use of a chemical modifier or calibration against aqueous standards. The analysis of marine sediments, in contrast, proved to be extremely difficult due to severe spectral and non-spectral interferences. The latter ones were caused by the relatively high chloride content of marine sediments, compared to river sediments, and could eventually be controlled by the addition of ammonium nitrate as a chemical modifier together with ruthenium as a permanent modifier. The spectral interference could only be overcome with Zeeman-effect background correction, and was most likely caused by sulfate. After optimization of the procedure, thallium in marine sediment reference materials could be determined by calibration against a certified river sediment reference material. According to the experience gained with river sediments, it might be assumed that aqueous standards could equally be used for calibration; this approach, however, was not further investigated. The results were in good agreement with non-certified 'information' values for thallium and with results obtained by ICP-MS using electrothermal vaporization and isotope dilution calibration. A characteristic mass of 13 pg was obtained, and the limit of detection of the proposed method, based on the zero-mass response (three times the standard deviation of 10 atomization cycles with empty platforms), was around 0.02 mg g 21 Tl.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of spectral and non-spectral interferences in the determination of thallium in river and marine sediments using solid sampling electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Vale

Silva

Welz

et al. 2001

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…Thallium determination in the environmental samples is a very difficult task because of its low concentration levels and interference effects [2,3,4]. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) or differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry is frequently used for thallium determination [5,6,7,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slurry sampling for the determination of thallium in soils and sediments by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Dobrowolski

2002

Anal Bioanal Chem

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The analytical conditions for thallium determination in soils and sediments by slurry sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry were studied and optimized. Elimination of a strong background for soils rich in organic materials by application of tungsten carbides coated graphite tubes/platforms was studied in detail. Tungsten carbides increased the maximum permissible pyrolysis temperature from 300 to 900 degrees C. The mechanism of tungsten carbide formation on different graphite surfaces was proposed. Application of a strong basic anion-exchange resin for interference elimination in thallium determination in marine sediments was described. Calibration was performed directly using aqueous standards both for soil and sediment analysis. Analysis of CRM confirmed the reliability of the approach. The precision and accuracy of thallium determination by the described method for soils and sediments was acceptable. A characteristic mass of 13.8 pg was obtained and the limit of detection for the proposed method was around 0.06 microg g(-1) Tl.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] The thermal behavior of any chosen interferent in the atomizer, including its gas and condensed-phase interactions with an analyte, has been also investigated using various experimental procedures and additional supplementary techniques. 9,[13][14][15] The rate of interferences depends on the construction of the atomizer, applied time-temperature program and many other experimental parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interference Effect of a Mixture of Magnesium, Aluminium, Sulfate and Chloride on the Atomization and Vaporization of Manganese in Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Ínce

Akman

2004

ANAL. SCI.

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Wall-to-platform migration in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry Part 1. Investigation of the mechanism of chloride interference on thallium

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Control of spectral and non-spectral interferences in the determination of thallium in river and marine sediments using solid sampling electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Control of spectral and non-spectral interferences in the determination of thallium in river and marine sediments using solid sampling electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Slurry sampling for the determination of thallium in soils and sediments by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

The Interference Effect of a Mixture of Magnesium, Aluminium, Sulfate and Chloride on the Atomization and Vaporization of Manganese in Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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