Wall Materials for Encapsulating Bioactive Compounds via Spray-Drying: A Review

Abstract

Spray-drying is a continuous encapsulation method that effectively preserves, stabilizes, and retards the degradation of bioactive compounds by encapsulating them within a wall material. The resulting capsules exhibit diverse characteristics influenced by factors such as operating conditions (e.g., air temperature and feed rate) and the interactions between the bioactive compounds and the wall material. This review aims to compile recent research (within the past 5 years) on spray-drying for bioactive compound encapsulation, emphasizing the significance of wall materials in spray-drying and their impact on encapsulation yield, efficiency, and capsule morphology.

Viability of Free and Alginate–Carrageenan Gum Coated Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lacticaseibacillus casei in Functional Cottage Cheese

“…Cottage cheese is a fermented, unripened, and semisoft dairy product known for its enriched nutritional significance for all age groups and is prepared from pasteurized milk . This traditional product has been in use for ages, as earlier studies have reported that it is the most customary cheese type manufactured in households in various European regions . It contains high water level, low milk fat, and higher acidity along with unique consistency, taste, smell, and color .…”

Innovative Encapsulation Strategies for Food, Industrial, and Pharmaceutical Applications

“…[1] Bioactive chemicals mainly secondary metabolites exert a panoply of health-promoting qualities, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. [2] Nowadays, many biomolecules are acknowledged as safe for consumption by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [3] and their use in organic foods is approved as alternative to synthetic additives. [4] For different industrial applications, fatty acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, essential oils, and phenolic acids are the most valuable biochemicals [2,5] .…”

“…[2] Nowadays, many biomolecules are acknowledged as safe for consumption by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [3] and their use in organic foods is approved as alternative to synthetic additives. [4] For different industrial applications, fatty acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, essential oils, and phenolic acids are the most valuable biochemicals [2,5] . Indeed, natural products are efficient toward a wide range of disorders, including those becoming increasingly drug-resistant as well as multicausal and complicated illness like cancer and microbial infections.…”

“…Because some bioactive substances can be unstable, and thermolabile, they need to be protected in order to maintain their effectiveness. [2] In addition, due to their high volatility and hydrophobic nature, the functionality of other compounds mainly essential oils and Vitamins is lost that pose a challenge to incorporate them into aqueous systems. [9,10] Moreover, degradative enzymes, oxygen, temperature, light, moisture content, water activity, pH, and other factors can all contribute to the breakdown of biocomponents during the manufacturing, drug delivery, and storage phases.…”

“…It is utilized in the pharmaceutical sector to make oral medication administration simple and absorption quick. In the meantime, it is used by the cosmetics sector to create personal care products that include active ingredients (whitening agents, sunscreens, moisturizers, and anti-aging creams) [2,11] .…”