Walking stabilizes cognitive functioning in Alzheimer's disease (AD) across one year

Abstract

AD is a public health epidemic, which seriously impacts cognition, mood and daily activities; however, one type of activity, exercise, has been shown to alter these states. Accordingly, we sought to investigate the relationship between exercise and mood, in early-stage AD patients (N = 104) from California, over a 1-year period. Patients completed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and Blessed-Roth Dementia Rating Scale (BRDRS), while their caregivers completed the Yale Physical Activity Survey (YALE), Profile of Mood States (POMS), the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and Functional Abilities Questionnaire (FAQ). Approximately half of the participants were female, from a variety of ethnic groups (Caucasian = 69.8%; Latino/Hispanic Americans = 20.1%). Our results demonstrated that the patients spent little time engaged in physical activity in general, their overall activity levels decreased over time, and this was paired with a change in global cognition (e.g., MMSE total score) and affect/mood (e.g., POMS score). Patients were parsed into Active and Sedentary groups based on their Yale profiles, with Active participants engaged in walking activities, weekly, over 1 year. Here, Sedentary patients had a significant decline in MMSE scores, while the Active patients had an attenuation in global cognitive decline. Importantly, among the Active AD patients, those individuals who engaged in walking for more than 2 h/week had a significant improvement in MMSE scores. Structured clinical trials which seek to increase the amount of time AD patients were engaged in walking activities and evaluate the nature and scope of beneficial effects in the brain are warranted.

A MapReduce-based Adjoint method for preventing brain disease

“…In addition, the limit number of maps and reduces, respectively denoted m max and r max , should be fixed in the Hadoop configuration. The Lower bound for a job with N iterations, denoted T lb , is estimated on the basis of the following formula: Subject to: (11) where k j is the number of distinct input keys passed to the reduce tasks for step j and where m j and r j are respectively the number of map and reduce tasks for step j.…”

“…RE is an example of a forecast skill statistic. The forecast skill is defined as the relative (0, [10,22]) (1, [11,111] 9). where n v denotes the total number of data points in the validation dataset and Ŷ is the mean of the prediction, which usually serves as a reference or control value. Theoretically, the value of RE can range from negative infinity to one, where one indicates perfect prediction for the validation data set.…”

Menschen und Demenz

“…Sowohl epidemiologische Studien als auch Interventionsstudien zeigten auf, dass sich Bewegung und ein gezieltes Kraft-und Ausdauertraining im mittleren Erwachsenenalter positiv auf die Kognition im Alter auswirken [4,5] und auch die Wahrscheinlichkeit, an einer Demenz zu erkranken, senken [6,7]. Wenn bereits ein "mild cognitive impairment" [8] oder eine Demenz [9] Noch befinden wir uns erst am Anfang in unserem Bestreben, Menschen mit Demenz in ihrem jeweiligen Umfeld angemessen zu begegnen. Diese Aussage gilt sowohl auf kommunaler Ebene als auch in der speziellen Situation des Krankenhauses.…”

The intervention of the physiotherapist in the patient with dementia in palliative care

“…Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia are the most common types of dementia (Burton, et al, 2015;Viola, et al, 2011;McLaren, LaMantia, & Callahan, 2013). The sedentary lifestyle also contributed to the decline of cognitive function, irritation, confusion, depression and fatigue (Winchestera, et al, 2013). Dementia is characterized by loss of brain function.…”