Walking speed does not affect age-differences in ankle muscle beta-band intermuscular coherence during treadmill walking

Abstract

Background: By examining whether age and speed each differently affects beta-coherence during walking, we can extend the limited evidence on age-related impairment in neural control of walking. We determined the effects of age and walking speed on intermuscular beta band coherence between lower limb muscle pairs and the association between stride characteristics and intermuscular beta band coherence between these muscle pairs.
 Methods: Older (n=12) and younger (n=14) individuals walked on a treadmill at fixed (1.2 m/s) and fast (~1.3x preferred) speeds for 3min. For 100 dominant leg strides, we measured length, width, stance, swing time, cadence and intermuscular beta-coherence (15-35Hz) for the synergistic (biceps femoris (BF)-semitendinosus, rectus femoris (RF)-vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius lateralis (GL)-soleus (SL), Tibialis anterior (TA)-peroneus longus (PL)) and the antagonistic (RF-BF and TA-GL) muscle pairs at swing and stance.
 Results: Comparing fast vs. fixed speed, participants walked with increased length (21%), cadence (12%), and coefficient of variation (CV) of stride length (14%), decreased stride width (-20%), and stance (-5%) and swing time (-14%) and with stronger TA-GL beta-coherence during early stance (69%, all p<0.01). Older vs. Younger individuals walked with slower fast gait speed (~9%), higher CV of stride length (21%), weaker GL-SL (-47%) and TA-PL (-60%) beta-coherences during the late swing and early stance phase, respectively (all p<0.01). No Group*Condition interactions occurred
 Conclusion: Oscillatory coupling between synergistic ankle muscle pairs during walking is lower in older vs. young individuals, but this difference is independent of walking speed while walking on a treadmill.

Editorial: Effects of aging on locomotor patterns

“…Aging typically involves remarkable changes in walking, including spatial-temporal (shorter and wider steps/strides, and slower walking speed) and neuromuscular control (higher knee agonist-antagonist coactivation and lower synergistic ankle muscle coherence) [5][6][7][8] . Slowing speed is the most recognizable age-related change in walking (decreasing by 16% per decade from 60 years old).…”

“…Following the hypothesis that aging would impair the capacity to modulate the neuromuscular control to different walking speeds, Santos et al 8 (intermuscular coherence) tested the effects of aging and walking speed on intermuscular beta coherence. They expected that age and walking speed would interact (e.g., older vs. younger individuals would have lower coherence without modulating it with walking speed).…”

“…Even when not directly suggested, we still can use the information from the studies published in the special issue to raise potential strategies of intervention in old and AD populations based on the studies of Santos et al 8 and Costa et al 19 Considering that aging…”