Walking Cadence to Exercise at Moderate Intensity for Adults: A Systematic Review

Slaght, Jana; Sénéchal, Martin; Hrubeniuk, Travis J.; Mayo, Andrea; B̀ouchard, Danielle R.

doi:10.1155/2017/4641203

Cited by 47 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…The discrepancy is most apparently due to a combination of differences in sample ages and employed definitions of moderate intensity; the need for a maximum fitness test to establish a relative intensity index makes the Serrano approach less practical for non-research purposes (ie, public health applications). A higher cadence might be required for older adults to achieve moderate intensity, 33 however, our findings do not support this suggestion, at least in terms of absolutely defined moderate intensity. While older adults have the capacity to walk above 100 steps/min in both laboratory and free-living setting, this does not imply that older adults require a higher cadence to achieve moderate intensity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

How fast is fast enough? Walking cadence (steps/min) as a practical estimate of intensity in adults: a narrative review

et al. 2018

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BackgroundCadence (steps/min) may be a reasonable proxy-indicator of ambulatory intensity. A summary of current evidence is needed for cadence-based metrics supporting benchmark (standard or point of reference) and threshold (minimums associated with desired outcomes) values that are informed by a systematic process.ObjectiveTo review how fast, in terms of cadence, is enough, with reference to crafting public health recommendations in adults.MethodsA comprehensive search strategy was conducted to identify relevant studies focused on walking cadence and intensity for adults. Identified studies (n=38) included controlled (n=11), free-living observational (n=18) and intervention (n=9) designs.ResultsThere was a strong relationship between cadence (as measured by direct observation and objective assessments) and intensity (indirect calorimetry). Despite acknowledged interindividual variability, ≥100 steps/min is a consistent heuristic (e.g, evidence-based, rounded) value associated with absolutely defined moderate intensity (3 metabolic equivalents (METs)). Epidemiological studies report notably low mean daily cadences (ie, 7.7 steps/min), shaped primarily by the very large proportion of time (13.5 hours/day) spent between zero and purposeful cadences (<60 steps/min) at the population level. Published values for peak 1-min and 30-min cadences in healthy free-living adults are >100 and >70 steps/min, respectively. Peak cadence indicators are negatively associated with increased age and body mass index. Identified intervention studies used cadence to either prescribe and/or quantify ambulatory intensity but the evidence is best described as preliminary.ConclusionsA cadence value of ≥100 steps/min in adults appears to be a consistent and reasonable heuristic answer to ’How fast is fast enough?' during sustained and rhythmic ambulatory behaviour.Trial registration numberNCT02650258

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

How fast is fast enough? Walking cadence (steps/min) as a practical estimate of intensity in adults: a narrative review

et al. 2018

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“…They found that individuals with IC spent less time walking and took fewer steps, particularly at medium to high cadence levels. A high cadence level of walking is equivalent to moderate-intensity activity [ 19 ], and a moderate cadence level is considered to be equivalent to low-intensity activity. Thus, it is considered that their study supported our result.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Physical Activity between Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease and Healthy Subjects

Shiba

Hatada

2020

Journal of Aging Research

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Objectives. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a significant prognostic marker of poor long-term survival due to limited physical activity associated with various functional problems, such as intermittent claudication. A physically active lifestyle has the potential to modify peripheral artery risk factors and promote general health. While low daily physical activity levels have been recognized in the population of PAD, the exact level has yet to be quantified due to lack of research. The aim of the present study was to compare physical activity level (PAL) and time spent at activities of different intensity levels between patients with PAD and healthy individuals. The study subjects were 10 patients with PAD and 10 age-matched healthy control subjects. We measured the time spent at light, moderate, or vigorous physical activity using triaxial accelerometer and calculated PAL. Intermittent claudication onset distance and maximum walking distance were defined as the distance walked at which the subject first reported leg pain and the distance at which the subject was unable to continue walking because of leg pain, respectively. Results. Our results showed (i) lower PAL in patients with PAD compared with the controls; (ii) while there was no significant difference in the high-intensity activity between the two groups, the light- and moderate-intensity activities of the PAD group were significantly lower than the controls, the time spent at moderate-intensity activity was approximately 50% less; and (iii) among patients with PAD, low PAL did not correlate directly with intermittent claudication. Conclusions. PAD patients limit the amount of their physical activity, especially light and moderate intensities. Our study highlights the importance of spending more time walking in daily life.

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“…The PiezoRx thresholds for monitoring MVPA were set as follows: 100/120, 110/130, adjusted for height, and adjusted for height+fitness ( Table 1 ). The PiezoRxs thresholds that were set at 100/120 and 110/130 were based on the current literature that consistently showed that 100-110 spm is equal to ~3 METs (ie, 10.5 mL/min/kg) and that 120-130 spm is equal to ~6 METs (ie, 21 mL/min/kg) in adults [ 8 - 11 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical-Grade Physical Activity Monitoring for Measuring Step Count and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Validity and Reliability Study

O’Brien

Wojcik

Fowles

2018

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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BackgroundThe use of physical activity (PA) monitors is commonly associated with an increase in habitual PA level in healthy and clinical populations. The PiezoRx is a medical-grade PA monitor that uses adjustable step rate thresholds to estimate moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and is a valid indicator of free-living PA in adults. Laboratory validation of step count derived MVPA in adults is needed to justify the use of these monitors in clinical practice to track individuals’ progress toward meeting PA guidelines that are based on MVPA, not steps.ObjectiveThe objective of our study was to assess the validity and interinstrument reliability of the PiezoRx to derive step count and MVPA in a laboratory setting compared with criterion measures and other frequently used PA monitors in a diverse sample of adults.MethodsThe adult participants (n=43; 39.4 years, SD 15.2) wore an Omron HJ-320 pedometer, an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer, and four PiezoRx monitors during a progressive treadmill protocol conducted for 6 minutes at speeds of 2.4, 3.2, 4.0, 5.6, 6.4, and 7.2 km/hour, respectively. The four PiezoRx monitors were set at different MVPA step rate thresholds (MPA in steps/minute/VPA in steps/minute) 100/120, 110/130, height adjusted, and height+fitness adjusted.ResultsThe PiezoRx was more correlated (intraclass correlation, ICC=.97; P<.001) to manual step counting than the ActiGraph (ICC=.72; P<.001) and Omron (ICC=.62; P<.001). The PiezoRxs absolute percent error in measuring steps was 2.2% (ActiGraph=15.9%; Omron=15.0%). Compared with indirect calorimetry, the height-adjusted PiezoRx and ActiGraph were accurate measures of the time spent in MVPA (both ICC=.76; P<.001).ConclusionsThe PiezoRx PA monitor appears to be a valid and reliable measure of step count and MVPA in this diverse sample of adults. The device’s ability to measure MVPA may be improved when anthropometric differences are considered, performing at par or better than a research grade accelerometer.

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Walking Cadence to Exercise at Moderate Intensity for Adults: A Systematic Review

Cited by 47 publications

References 41 publications

How fast is fast enough? Walking cadence (steps/min) as a practical estimate of intensity in adults: a narrative review

How fast is fast enough? Walking cadence (steps/min) as a practical estimate of intensity in adults: a narrative review

Differences in Physical Activity between Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease and Healthy Subjects

Medical-Grade Physical Activity Monitoring for Measuring Step Count and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Validity and Reliability Study

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