Walkability and its association with prevalent and incident diabetes among adults in different regions of Germany: results of pooled data from five German cohorts

Kartschmit, Nadja; Sutcliffe, Robynne; Sheldon, Mark; Moebus, Susanne; Greiser, Karin Halina; Hartwig, Saskia; Thürkow, Detlef; Stentzel, Ulrike; Berg, Neeltje van den; Wolf, Kathrin; Maier, Werner; Peters, Annette; Ahmed, Salman; Köhnke, Corinna; Mikolajczyk, Rafael; Wienke, Andreas; Kluttig, Alexander; Rudge, Gavin

doi:10.1186/s12902-019-0485-x

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, several studies that assessed neighborhood walkability in relation to cardiometabolic disease led to inconsistent findings. 13,[33][34][35][36] We did not observe an association between neighborhood walkability and risk of death from cardiometabolic disease. It is possible that the effect of medications on long-term survival could mask the association between neighborhood walkability and cardiometabolic incidence when mortality data are used.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Neighborhood Walkability and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Women

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Neighborhood Walkability and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Women

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In terms of the correlation between walking and the environment, walking is a source of clean transportation and soft mobility [56][57][58][59]. It contributes to the reduction of sound and noise levels, as well as to a decrease in air pollution.…”

Section: Walking and Walkability: Conceptual Boundaries And Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the health benefits of walking, the literature abounds with evidence suggesting that walking is vital for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, and many other health issues [58,59]. Finally, walking acts as a connector between the synergies of urban space and urban life [1,54], which may also bear health benefits.…”

Section: Walking and Walkability: Conceptual Boundaries And Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regards to walkability, it needs to be stressed that the very focus on "walkability" is an outcome of a return of the urban planners' community, including developers and designers who already voiced that "cities are for walking" in the 70s imperative [35,39,40]. Indeed, rather than focusing on transportation, the key city planning imperative today is "to plan for humans, not for vehicles" [52,53,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. In the academic literature, the notion of walking is almost always used in connection to walkability.…”

Section: Walking and Walkability: Conceptual Boundaries And Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Conceptualizing Walking and Walkability in the Smart City through a Model Composite w2 Smart City Utility Index

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper explores walking and walkability in the smart city and makes a case for their centrality in the debate on the resilience and sustainability of smart cities, as outlined in the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is argued that, while the human/inhabitant-centric paradigm of urban development consolidates, and research on walking, walkability, and pedestrian satisfaction flourishes, the inroads of ICT render it necessary to reflect on these issues in the conceptually- and geographically-delimited space of the smart city. More importantly, it becomes imperative to make respective findings useful and usable for policymakers. To this end, by approaching walking and walkability through the lens of utility, the objective of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework in which the relevance of walking and walkability, hereafter referred to as w2, as a distinct subject of research in the smart cities debate is validated. This framework is then employed to construct a model of a composite w2smart city utility index. With the focus on the development of the conceptual framework, in which the w2 utility index is embedded, this paper constitutes the first conceptual step of the composite index development process. The value added of this paper is three-fold: First, the relevance of walking and walkability as a distinct subject of research in the realm of smart cities research is established. Second, a mismatch between end-users’ satisfaction derived from walking and their perception of walkability and the objective factors influencing walking and walkability is identified and conceptualized by referencing the concept of utility. Third, a model smart city w2 utility index is proposed as a diagnostic and prognostic tool that, in the subsequent stages of research and implementation, will prove useful for decisionmakers and other stakeholders involved in the process of managing smart cities.

show abstract

“…In addition to the socioeconomic composition of a neighborhood, the geographical/structural context is known to exhibit effects on health. Many recent studies have focussed on neighborhood-scale contextual characteristics relevant to diabetes risk, predominantly greenspace and walkability; both are known to be associated with a lower diabetes incidence/prevalence, as they provide enhanced opportunities for physical activity [ 10 – 15 ]. In addition, greenspace may capture other pathways important to diabetes risk, such as reducing air pollution exposures [ 16 ], decreasing stress [ 16 ], or increasing neighborhood social capital [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Greenspace and Socioeconomic Risk are Associated with Diabetes Risk at the Sub-neighborhood Scale: Results from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Greenspace and socioeconomic status are known correlates of diabetes prevalence, but their combined effects at the sub-neighborhood scale are not yet known. This study derives, maps, and validates a combined socioeconomic/greenspace index of individual-level diabetes risk at the sub-neighborhood scale, without the need for clinical measurements. In two Canadian cities (Vancouver and Hamilton), we computed 4 greenspace variables from satellite imagery and extracted 11 socioeconomic variables from the Canadian census. We mapped 5125 participants from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology Study by their residential address and used age- and sex-dependent walking speeds to estimate individual exposure zones to local greenspace and socioeconomic characteristics, which were then entered into a principal component analysis to derive a novel diabetes risk index (DRI-GLUCoSE). We mapped index scores in both study areas and validated the index using fully adjusted logistic regression models to predict individual diabetes status. Model performance was then compared to other non-clinical diabetes risk indices from the literature. Diabetes prevalence among participants was 9.9%. The DRI-GLUCoSE index was a significant predictor of diabetes status, exhibiting a small non-significant attenuation with the inclusion of dietary and physical activity variables. The final models achieved a predictive accuracy of 75%, the highest among environmental risk models to date. Our combined index of local greenspace and socioeconomic factors demonstrates that the environmental component of diabetes risk is not sufficiently explained by diet and physical activity, and that increasing urban greenspace may be a suitable means of reducing the burden of diabetes at the community scale.

show abstract

Walkability and its association with prevalent and incident diabetes among adults in different regions of Germany: results of pooled data from five German cohorts

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Neighborhood Walkability and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Women

Neighborhood Walkability and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Women

Conceptualizing Walking and Walkability in the Smart City through a Model Composite w2 Smart City Utility Index

Neighborhood Greenspace and Socioeconomic Risk are Associated with Diabetes Risk at the Sub-neighborhood Scale: Results from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About