“…Typically, ITE has relied on a traditional definition that emphasised what Smith and Greene (2013) describe as a "drill and skill programs" (p. 123) in the use of specific technology with a learner-centric emphasis. This leads to the inclusion of singular technology skills based courses, often modelled by a select number of coursework educators, focused on learning digital skills but not engaging shifts in pedagogical thinking (Divaharan, Lim, & Tan, 2011;Kay, 2010;Lei, 2009;Smith & Greene, 2013, Zogheib, 2015. The emphasis in this approach is on being a competent user of singular digital technologies or skills rather than being able to effectively engage and integrate as part of their teaching practice (Chen & Zhan, 2012;So & Kim, 2009;Yeung, Lim, Tay, Laim-Chiang, & Hui, 2012).…”