Wake Structures and Surface Patterns of the DrivAer Notchback Car Model under Side Wind Conditions

Wieser, Dirk; Nayeri, Christian Navid; Paschereit, Christian Oliver

doi:10.3390/en13020320

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In conclusion, the addition of two vertical airfoils at the back of the body signifies an improvement in the generation of downforce [41]. Hence, adding aerodynamic elements that create a low -pressure zone at the back of a car is a good technique in order to increase In conclusion, the addition of two vertical airfoils at the back of the body sig improvement in the generation of downforce [41]. Hence, adding aerodynamic that create a low -pressure zone at the back of a car is a good technique in order to the downforce.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Then, along the diffuser distance, the pressure recovers, reaching the atmospheric pressure at the exit of the diffuser, hence obtaining a pressure recovery of 1.5. In conclusion, the addition of two vertical airfoils at the back of the body signifies an improvement in the generation of downforce [41]. Hence, adding aerodynamic elements that create a low -pressure zone at the back of a car is a good technique in order to increase In conclusion, the addition of two vertical airfoils at the back of the body sig improvement in the generation of downforce [41].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Hence, adding aerodynamic that create a low -pressure zone at the back of a car is a good technique in order to the downforce. Otherwise, it must be noted that the drag coefficient is quite h should be considered in order to apply this diffuser configuration or to introduce In conclusion, the addition of two vertical airfoils at the back of the body signifies an improvement in the generation of downforce [41]. Hence, adding aerodynamic elements that create a low-pressure zone at the back of a car is a good technique in order to increase the downforce.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the Effect of Vertical Airfoil Endplates on Diffusers in Vehicle Aerodynamics

Porcar

Toet²,

Gamez-Montero

2021

Designs

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Diffusers and the floor ahead of them create the majority of the downforce a vehicle creates. Outside motorsports, the diffuser is relatively unused, although its interaction with the ground is a consistent field of study owing to the aerodynamic benefits. The diffuser flow behavior is governed by three fluid-mechanical mechanisms: ground interaction, underbody upsweep, and diffuser upsweep. In addition, four different flow regimes appear when varying ride height, the vortices of which have great importance on downforce generation. The present study focuses on the diffuser’s fluid-dynamic characteristics undertaken within an academic framework with the objective of finding and understanding a high level of performance in these elements. Once the functioning of diffusers has been analyzed and understood, a new configuration is proposed: rear vertical airfoil endplates. The aim of the paper is to study the effect in performance of vertical airfoil endplates on diffusers in vehicle aerodynamics in a simplified geometry. The candidate to this geometry is the inversed Ahmed body, a geometry that is used as a model that simulates the flow behavior of car diffusers. Three different diffuser configurations are performed, namely 0° diffuser, 25° diffuser, and in the third case vertically installed rear vertical airfoil endplates are added to the 25° diffuser Ahmed body to change the flow field. These analyses are carried out by using open-source CFD simulation software OpenFOAM. An inlet velocity of 20 m/s is considered, as this is a typical velocity when cornering in motorsport. It is concluded that the 25° diffuser configuration generated more downforce than the 0° diffuser, which makes sense as the aim of adding a diffuser is to increase the amount of downforce produced. In addition, and as a result of the newly proposed configuration, the 25° diffuser Ahmed body with the vertical airfoil endplates emerges in a substantial increase of downforce thanks to the low-pressure zone generated at the back of the body.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the Effect of Vertical Airfoil Endplates on Diffusers in Vehicle Aerodynamics

Porcar

Toet²,

Gamez-Montero

2021

Designs

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“…Since its creation in 2012 [7,8], the DrivAer model has become a popular test case for studies where a realistic vehicle is preferred to a simplified geometry, as commonly used for studies of the underlying aerodynamic fundamentals. The DrivAer has therefore found applications in CFD particularly for the validation of commercial code, and increasingly by Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM's) for more generic experimental work [7,8,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. However, because the model has a large number of variations, with three main rear end geometries, three cooling flow options, three under-body, two tyre and two wheel configurations, it is difficult to find two studies that use the same geometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Data for the Validation of Numerical Methods: DrivAer Model

Varney

Passmore

Wittmeier

et al. 2020

Fluids

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As the automotive industry strives to increase the amount of digital engineering in the product development process, cut costs and improve time to market, the need for high quality validation data has become a pressing requirement. While there is a substantial body of experimental work published in the literature, it is rarely accompanied by access to the data and a sufficient description of the test conditions for a high quality validation study. This paper addresses this by reporting on a comprehensive series of measurements for a 25% scale model of the DrivAer automotive test case. The paper reports on the measurement of the forces and moments, pressures and off body PIV measurements for three rear end body configurations, and summarises and compares the results. A detailed description of the test conditions and wind tunnel set up are included along with access to the full data set.

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“…This condition assumes a relative airflow acting on a vehicle running at a constant speed and a steady posture in stationary air. Additionally, the changes in the relative wind direction caused by on-road disturbance and their effects have been investigated using the so-called yaw condition or steady crosswind method [1], in which a real automobile [2] or an experimental vehicle model [3][4][5] is placed at a steady yaw angle with respect to a uniform flow. However, the impact of more realistic on-road disturbances on automobile aerodynamics has attracted attention to further increase the accuracy when evaluating the aerodynamic performance of an automobile on a road.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid-Dynamic Force Measurement of Ahmed Model in Steady-State Cornering

et al. 2020

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The effects of on-road disturbances on the aerodynamic drag are attracting attention in order to accurately evaluate the fuel efficiency of an automobile on a road. The present study investigated the effects of cornering motion on automobile aerodynamics, especially focusing on the aerodynamic drag. Using a towing tank facility, measurements of the fluid-dynamic force acting on Ahmed models during steady-state cornering were conducted in water. The investigation included Ahmed models with slant angles θ = 25° and 35°, reproducing the wake structures of two different types of automobiles. The drag increase due to steady-state cornering motion was experimentally measured, and showed good agreement with previous numerical research, with the measurements conducted at a Reynolds number of 6 × 105, based on the model length. The Ahmed model with θ = 35° showed a greater drag increase due to the steady-state cornering motion than that with θ = 25°, and it reached 15% of the total drag at a corner with a radius that was 10 times the vehicle length. The results indicated that the effect of the cornering motion on the automobile aerodynamics would be more important, depending on the type of automobile and its wake characteristics.

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Wake Structures and Surface Patterns of the DrivAer Notchback Car Model under Side Wind Conditions

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Study of the Effect of Vertical Airfoil Endplates on Diffusers in Vehicle Aerodynamics

Study of the Effect of Vertical Airfoil Endplates on Diffusers in Vehicle Aerodynamics

Experimental Data for the Validation of Numerical Methods: DrivAer Model

Fluid-Dynamic Force Measurement of Ahmed Model in Steady-State Cornering

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