Wake effect in wind farm performance: Steady-state and dynamic behavior

González-Longatt, Francisco; Wall, Peter; Terzija, Vladimir

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2011.08.053

Cited by 275 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The layout array has four rotor diameters (RD) between towers and a seven RD spacing between rows; the array should face perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and it is designed to minimize wake effects on AEP. This kind of layout provides a long-term wake loss of 0.52 % on average according to González-Longatt et al's [68] research, which is quite low compared to the traditional rectangular array layout setup. González-Longatt et al's [68] research states that this estimation of wake loss can be used as a rule of thumb in generic assessments when full-blown wake loss assessment is not performed.…”

Section: Wind Farm Layoutmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This kind of layout provides a long-term wake loss of 0.52 % on average according to González-Longatt et al's [68] research, which is quite low compared to the traditional rectangular array layout setup. González-Longatt et al's [68] research states that this estimation of wake loss can be used as a rule of thumb in generic assessments when full-blown wake loss assessment is not performed. However, since wake loss assessment has not been performed on this specific site, a sensitivity analysis on wake loss effects on the final results (LCOE) is presented in the Results Section.…”

Section: Wind Farm Layoutmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This type of layout is presented in González-Longatt et al's [68] research on the wake effect in wind farm performances. The layout array has four rotor diameters (RD) between towers and a seven RD spacing between rows; the array should face perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, and it is designed to minimize wake effects on AEP.…”

Section: Wind Farm Layoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that when comparing measured AEP to simulated AEP, wake loss is disregarded for comparison purposes. The two test wind turbines are placed in a straight line perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction, which minimizes wake loss effects [68]. The AEP of the test turbines are on-site measurements; thus, it can be stated that wake loss is already included in the measured value.…”

Section: Annual Energy Production (Aep) Calculated From Modified Weibmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis of a Wind Power Generation System at Búrfell in Iceland

et al. 2015

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Wind energy harnessing is a new energy production alternative in Iceland. Current installed wind power in Iceland sums to 1.8 MW, which in contrast is 0.1% of the country's total electricity production. This article is dedicated to the exploration of the potential cost of wind energy production at Búrfell in the south of Iceland. A levelized cost of energy (LCOE) approach was applied to the estimation of the potential cost. Weibull simulation is used to simulate wind data for calculations. A confirmation of the power law is done by comparing real data to calculated values. A modified Weibull simulation is verified by comparing results with actual on-site test wind turbines. A wind farm of 99 MW is suggested for the site. Key results were the capacity factor (CF) at Búrfell being 38.15% on average and that the LCOE for wind energy was estimated as 0.087-0.088 USD/kWh (assuming 10% weighted average cost of capital (WACC)), which classifies Búrfell among the lowest LCOE sites for wind energy in Europe.

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Section: Wind Farm Layoutmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Wind Farm Layoutmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Wind Farm Layoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Annual Energy Production (Aep) Calculated From Modified Weibmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis of a Wind Power Generation System at Búrfell in Iceland

et al. 2015

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“…After that, several wake models are proposed for the wake calculation [5]. In [6], a method to calculate the wake losses by Jensen model is proposed while the Larsen eddy viscosity model is specified in [7]. Besides using analytical model to predict the energy yields of the wind farm, some works have been done on the wake effect simulation by using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) which is a more precise way to estimate the wake losses [8].…”

Section: Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach for offshore wind farm energy yields calculation with mixed hub height wind turbines

Hou

Soltani

et al. 2016

2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)

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Abstract-In this paper, a mathematical model for calculating the energy yields of offshore wind farm with mixed types of wind turbines is proposed. The Jensen model is selected as the base and developed to a three dimension wake model to estimate the energy yields. Since the wind turbines are with different hub heights, the wind shear effect is also taken into consideration. The results show that the proposed wake model is effective in calculating the wind speed deficit. The calculation framework is applicable for energy yields calculation in offshore wind farms.Index Terms-different hub heights; shear effect; calculation framework; energy yields; wake model.

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AnATCDFapproach forATCenhancement using charging/discharging ofwind‐batterysystem considering wind direction and wake effect ofWTs

Narain

Srivastava

Singh

2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Wind farm (WF) power output is not constant due to the intermittent nature of wind speed, wind direction, and wind turbine (WT) wake effect. The integration of WF into large power systems affects the transmission system's available transfer capability (ATC). In this paper, WF power output is calculated by a proposed formula that considers the wind direction and wake effect of WT. The battery energy storage system (BESS) has been installed in the system, and charging/discharging criteria have been created to enhance the ATC value of the system. The clusters/zones are created according to transmission congestion distribution factor (TCDF) values. The average TCDF (ATCDF) value is proposed to select the optimal position of WF and BESS. The proposed approach increases ATC significantly. The results are simulated in the IEEE-30 bus system.

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Wake effect in wind farm performance: Steady-state and dynamic behavior

Cited by 275 publications

References 9 publications

Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis of a Wind Power Generation System at Búrfell in Iceland

Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis of a Wind Power Generation System at Búrfell in Iceland

A new approach for offshore wind farm energy yields calculation with mixed hub height wind turbines

AnATCDFapproach forATCenhancement using charging/discharging ofwind‐batterysystem considering wind direction and wake effect ofWTs

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