Waiting longer, feeling fatter: Effects of response delay on tactile distance estimation and confidence in females with anorexia nervosa

Engel, Manja M.; Gadsby, Stephen; Corcoran, Andrew W.; Keizer, Anouk; Dijkerman, H. Chris; Hohwy, Jakob

doi:10.31234/osf.io/gvr2h

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…A recent study aimed to experimentally tease apart perceptional and attitudinal influences by manipulating the response time in tactile estimation judgements in AN patients. Results showed that when AN patients were asked to make an immediate tactile judgement (leaving no time to reflect), they showed less overestimations, compared to when AN patients were given five seconds before making their judgement (Engel et al, 2021). This might indicate that perceptional estimates in body size estimation tasks reflect not only an unrealistic metric representation of body size, but also negative cognitive-affective processes.…”

Section: Challenges For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 91%

Body Representation in Anorexia Nervosa

Keizer¹,

Engel²

2021

Preprint

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder that mainly affects young women. One of the most striking symptoms of this disorder is the distorted experience of body size and shape. Patients are by definition underweight, but experience and perceive their body as bigger than it in reality is. This body representation disturbance has fascinated scientists for many decades, leading to a rich and diverse body of literature on this topic. Research shows that AN patients do not only think that their body is bigger than reality, and visually perceive it as such, but that other sensory modalities also play an important role in oversized body experiences. Patients for example have an altered (enlarged) size perception of tactile stimuli, and move their body as if it is larger than it actually is. Moreover, patients with AN appear to process and integrate multisensory information differently than healthy individuals, especially in relation to body size. This leads to the conclusion that the representation of the size of the body in the brain is enlarged. This conclusion has important implications for the treatment of body representation disturbances in AN. Traditionally treatment of AN is very cognitive in nature, it is possible however that changed cognitions with respect to body size experiences do not lead to actual changes in metric representations of body size stored in the brain. Recently a few studies have been published in which a multisensory approach in treatment of body representation disturbance in AN has been found to be effective in treating this symptom of AN.

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Section: Challenges For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 91%

Body Representation in Anorexia Nervosa

Keizer¹,

Engel²

2021

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, adopting implicit measures can help to avoid some of the classic issues related to explicit self-report measures (e.g. demand characteristics), a much debated issue within research into AN (Engel et al, 2021).…”

Section: It Takes Control Of You But It Can Also Feel Very Safe It's a Very Confusing Illnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sense of agency during and following recovery from anorexia nervosa

Engel¹,

Ainley²,

Tsakiris³

et al. 2021

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The need to feel in control is central to anorexia nervosa (AN). AN patients tend to use dysfunctional behaviour to feel a sense of control. The sense of control in AN has only been studied through self-report. The aim of this study is to investigate an implicit sense of control, the sense of agency (SoA), in AN patients, recovered AN (RAN) patients and HC. We hypothesized that AN patients would exhibit a lower SoA compared to RAN patients and HC. Furthermore, we expected that state-anxiety would negatively predict SoA, and that this would be more prominent in AN patients, as studies have shown that SoA can be influenced by negative emotional states. The SoA was measured with the intentional binding task and state-anxiety levels through a questionnaire. Results showed no differences in SoA between groups. Findings did show that AN patients had significantly higher state anxiety scores compared to RAN patients and HC, and RAN patients had higher state anxiety scores compared to HC. However, state anxiety was not a significant predictor of SoA. We did not find any evidence of differences in SoA between groups. Further studies should focus on specific aspects of the need for control in AN by, for example, by manipulating (un)certainty in these paradigms.

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“…However, it seems unlikely that one would report seeing themselves as larger when in fact they were simply attending to those parts of their bodies that they judged to be larger. iv For some recent contradictory findings, see (Engel et al, 2021) v This challenge can be formulated more generally: for any BSE task that requires participants to estimate their body size without seeing themselves, participants must rely on an alternative representation of body size. The reconstruction challenge, more generally put, involves the possibility that this representation is distorted by factors distinct from visual perception.…”

Section: Endnotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Self-Misperception in Eating Disorders

Gadsby¹

2021

Preprint

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Many who suffer from eating disorders claim that they see themselves as “fat”. Despite decades of research into the phenomenon, behavioural evidence has failed to confirm that eating disorders involve visual misperception of own-body size. I illustrate the importance of this phenomenon for our understanding of perceptual processing, outline the challenges involved in experimentally confirming it, and provide solutions to those challenges.

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Waiting longer, feeling fatter: Effects of response delay on tactile distance estimation and confidence in females with anorexia nervosa

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Body Representation in Anorexia Nervosa

Body Representation in Anorexia Nervosa

Sense of agency during and following recovery from anorexia nervosa

Visual Self-Misperception in Eating Disorders

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