Wait or fight? Ownership asymmetry affects contest behaviors in a parasitoid wasp

Mohamad, Rihab; Monge, J. P.; Goubault, Marlène

doi:10.1093/beheco/ars125

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Subjective RV effects have been found across a range of taxa [3], including parasitoids [5,7,10,11,16]. The greater importance of the subjective component that we evaluated accords with recent findings that subjective RV is the predominant influence on contest outcomes in the parasitoids Eupelmus vuilleti and Dinarmus basalis [5,16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

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Subjective and objective components of resource value additively increase aggression in parasitoid contests

Stockermans

Hardy

2013

Biol. Lett.

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Two major categories of factors are predicted to influence behaviour in dyadic contests; differences in the abilities of the contestants to acquire and retain resources (resource holding potential), and the value of the contested resource (resource value, RV; which comprises objective and subjective components). Recent studies indicate that subjective components affect contest behaviour in several animal taxa but few have simultaneously investigated objective RV components. We find that both an objective (host size) and a subjective (contestant age) component of RV affect contest intensity in the parasitoid wasp Goniozus legneri. These additively influence aggressiveness, with a larger effect from the subjective component than the objective component. The greater influence of subjective RV adds weight to the recent surge of recognition of this RV component's importance in contest behaviour.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…The greater influence of subjective RV adds weight to the recent surge of recognition [3,5,9,16] afforded to this component of the value individuals place on the resources they contest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective and objective components of resource value additively increase aggression in parasitoid contests

Stockermans

Hardy

2013

Biol. Lett.

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“…The presence of a competitor did not change the amount of time spent on parasitism by Eupelmus vuilleti Crawford (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) (Mohamad et al 2010), but intruders did spend less time on host assessment prior to oviposition than owners (Mohamad et al 2012). Both Pachycrepoideus vindemiae and D. basalis took longer to complete their first oviposition when conspecifics were present (Goubault et al 2007;Mohamad et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…When conspecifics are present, some parasitoids may choose to wait for the owner to leave before exploiting the host (Goubault et al 2005;Mohamad et al 2012). Inclusion of the screening process to identify females within each observation meant this possibility was not controlled effectively and led to smaller sample sizes than were desirable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intruders that wait for owners to leave inevitably will need to make decisions about superparasitism, depending on batch size and the number of eggs already parasitised by the owner (Mohamad et al 2012;Benkhellat et al 2015). Paired E. nassaui did superparasitise occasionally, but superparasitism was not a focus of this study because the outcome of intraspecific competition among E. nassaui larvae is not known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observations of parasitism and aggression by female Enoggera nassaui, an egg parasitoid of the eucalypt pest, Paropsis charybdis

Mansfield

2016

N.Z. j. of For. Sci.

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Background: Female parasitoids that display aggressive behaviour towards conspecifics in defence of host resources must make a trade-off between time spent on aggression and time spent on parasitism. Such a trade-off not only affects the fitness of individual females but also may affect the overall rate of parasitism in the host population. Enoggera nassaui is an egg parasitoid of the eucalypt pest, Paropsis charybdis, with females that defend batches of host eggs from conspecific females by chasing, pushing and sometimes biting their opponent. Methods: The behaviour of female E. nassaui was observed when alone (solo) and in pairs (owner-intruder) in response to a single batch of P. charybdis eggs. The first female in a pair to contact the host eggs was designated the owner and the second female the intruder. Both parasitism-related behaviour for solo and paired females and aggressive interactions between paired females were described from direct observation. Parasitism rates for solo and paired females were also measured. Results: Solo females had a consistent pattern of parasitism-related behaviour, spending 80 % of their time in contact with the host eggs. Paired females showed a similar pattern of parasitism-related behaviour when not interrupted by their competitor. Owners spent 6 % and intruders spent 17 % of their time on aggressive interactions. Intruders completed parasitism faster than solo females because intruders reduced the duration of specific parasitism-related behaviours. Yet from the host's perspective, parasitism by solo females (69 %) was similar to that achieved by both owners and intruders together (66 %). Conclusions: By completing parasitism faster in the presence of a competitor, intruder females compensated to some extent for time spent on aggressive interactions. If E. nassaui has a similar response to intraspecific competitors under natural conditions, then aggression between conspecific females is unlikely to harm pest suppression by these parasitoids.

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Should I fight or should I flight? How studying insect aggression can help integrated pest management

Benelli

2015

Pest Management Science

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Aggression plays a key role all across the animal kingdom, as it allows the acquisition and/or defence of limited resources (food, mates and territories) in a huge number of species. A large part of our knowledge on aggressive behaviour has been developed on insects of economic importance. How can this knowledge be exploited to enhance integrated pest management? Here, I highlight how knowledge on intraspecific aggression can help IPM both in terms of insect pests (with a focus on the enhancement of the sterile insect technique) and in terms of biological control agents (with a focus on mass-rearing optimisation). Then, I examine what implications for IPM can be outlined from knowledge about interspecific aggressive behaviour. Besides predator-pest aggressive interactions predicted by classic biological control, I focus on what IPM can learn from (i) interspecific aggression among pest species (with special reference to competitive displacement), (ii) defensive behaviour exhibited by prey against predaceous insects and (iii) conflicts among predaceous arthropods sharing the same trophic niche (with special reference to learning/sensitisation practices and artificial manipulation of chemically mediated interactions).

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Wait or fight? Ownership asymmetry affects contest behaviors in a parasitoid wasp

Cited by 24 publications

References 47 publications

Subjective and objective components of resource value additively increase aggression in parasitoid contests

Subjective and objective components of resource value additively increase aggression in parasitoid contests

Observations of parasitism and aggression by female Enoggera nassaui, an egg parasitoid of the eucalypt pest, Paropsis charybdis

Should I fight or should I flight? How studying insect aggression can help integrated pest management

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