Waist Circumference and Testosterone Levels in Community Dwelling Men. The Tromsø Study

Svartberg, Johan; Mühlen, Denise von; Sundsfjord, Johan; Jorde, Rolf

doi:10.1023/b:ejep.0000036809.30558.8f

Cited by 210 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Higher BMI and waist circumference are associated with lower total, bioavailable or free testosterone and SHBG. 6,7,[144][145][146] The association between higher BMI and lower total testosterone appears more consistent that between BMI and free testosterone. 146,147 Smoking, lower alcohol intake and physical activity or vigorous exercise are factors associated with higher total testosterone and SHBG levels.…”

Section: Testosterone Cardiovascular Risk and Mortality In Aging Menmentioning

confidence: 76%

Are declining testosterone levels a major risk factor for ill-health in aging men?

Yeap

2008

Int J Impot Res

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As men grow older, testosterone levels fall, with a steeper decline in unbound or free testosterone compared with total testosterone concentrations. Lower testosterone levels have been associated with poorer cognitive function, and with impaired general and sexual health in aging men. Recently, lower testosterone levels have been linked with metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes, both conditions associated with cardiovascular disease, and shown to predict higher overall and cardiovascular-related mortality in middle-aged and older men. However, reverse causation has to be considered, as systemic illness may result in reduced testosterone levels. Thus, the strength of these associations and the likely direction of causation need to be carefully considered. Furthermore, these conditions may overlap, for example aging, lower testosterone levels, erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease are interrelated. Cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies may be informative. However, ultimately randomized controlled trials of testosterone therapy are needed to clarify its role in the maintenance of general and sexual health in aging men. Testosterone therapy should be considered in hypogonadal men who meet rigorous criteria for the diagnosis of androgen deficiency. Additional consideration should be given to designing and testing interventions that may prevent or ameliorate the age-related decline in testosterone levels in men.

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Section: Testosterone Cardiovascular Risk and Mortality In Aging Menmentioning

confidence: 76%

Are declining testosterone levels a major risk factor for ill-health in aging men?

Yeap

2008

Int J Impot Res

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“…In men lower testosterone levels have been associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Insulin resistance (IR) linked to visceral adiposity (6) is regarded as a major pathophysiological mechanism leading to the metabolic syndrome and T2DM (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgen receptor CAG repeat length polymorphism modifies the impact of testosterone on insulin sensitivity in men

Möhlig

Arafat²,

Osterhoff³

et al. 2011

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Low circulating testosterone concentrations have been associated with insulin resistance (IR). Androgen action is mediated by the androgen receptor (AR) whose activity is modulated by a polymorphic CAG repeat sequence within exon 1. An interaction between testosterone and CAG repeat length (CAG length) with respect to IR has been described in women. Objective: We investigated such a putative interaction between testosterone and the CAG length with respect to IR in men with normal glucose tolerance. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: In 113 non-diabetic men calculated free testosterone, the CAG length, and a multiplicative interaction term were investigated by multiple linear regression analysis for an association with IR, as indicated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA %S). Results: In a multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age and body mass index, free testosterone, CAG length, and a multiplicative interaction term were significantly associated with IR (PZ0.001, PZ0.001, PZ0.01 respectively). The model explained 36.6% of the variation of IR and predicted that in carriers with a CAG length of 23, changes in testosterone would only minimally affect IR. For CAG lengths longer than 23, however, an increase in testosterone would improve IR, namely the longer the CAG length, the greater the effect. In contrast, in the case of CAG lengths shorter than 23, the effect of increasing testosterone would be the opposite. Conclusions: In men, testosterone and the AR CAG repeat length polymorphism interacted with respect to IR. The interpretation of the association between testosterone and IR seems to require consideration of the AR CAG repeat polymorphism.

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“…[35][36][37] Indeed, PSA expression is under androgen receptor regulation, and obesity and hyperinsulinemia are also associated with lower testosterone levels. [38][39][40][41][42] However, a prior study found no association between leptin or adiponectin and PSA among prostate cancer patients, 43,44 and the component(s) of body adiposity as estimated by BMI that affect PSA levels and perhaps the ability to detect early-stage prostate cancer remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between prostate-specific antigen and leptin, adiponectin, HbA1c or C-peptide among African-American and Caucasian men

Fowke

Matthews

Buchowski

et al. 2007

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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Prior studies report slightly lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels among obese men. To understand this effect, we investigated the association between PSA and blood HbA1c, C-peptide, leptin and adiponectin levels in African-American (AA) (n ¼ 121) and Caucasian (CA) (n ¼ 121) men. Among AA men, PSA levels decreased with increasing C-peptide levels (PSA ¼ 0.99, 0.93, 0.75 and 0.53 ng ml À1 across quartiles of C-peptide, respectively; P trend ¼ 0.005). Among CA men, PSA levels decreased with increasing HbA1c (PSA ¼ 0.84, 0.73, 0.77 and 0.45 ng ml À1 across quartiles of HbA1c, respectively; P trend ¼ 0.005). This may suggest that metabolic disturbances related to metabolic syndrome or diabetes affect the ability to detect early-stage prostate cancer.

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Waist Circumference and Testosterone Levels in Community Dwelling Men. The Tromsø Study

Cited by 210 publications

References 34 publications

Are declining testosterone levels a major risk factor for ill-health in aging men?

Are declining testosterone levels a major risk factor for ill-health in aging men?

Androgen receptor CAG repeat length polymorphism modifies the impact of testosterone on insulin sensitivity in men

Association between prostate-specific antigen and leptin, adiponectin, HbA1c or C-peptide among African-American and Caucasian men

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